甲醛交联淀粉尿素缓释化肥的制备  

Preparation of Formaldehyde Crosslinked Starch Urea as Slow-release Fertilizer

作　　者：周凯[1] 刘勇 

机构地区：[1]南阳理工学院生物与化学工程学院,河南南阳473004 [2]南阳市第十四中学校,河南南阳473004

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2014年第19期4675-4679,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：吉林省自然科学基金项目(20101582)

摘　　要：以交联玉米淀粉为包膜材料,制备出可生物降解的尿素缓释化肥,并对制备工艺进行了优化。采用粒度为1 mm的玉米颗粒3 g与9 g尿素混合均匀,135℃糊化,加入8 m L甲醛溶液,调节p H至8.5-9.0,将反应体系加热至75-80℃,保温90 min;降温至65℃,调节p H至3.0-3.5,继续反应45-60 min。缓释化肥样品通过在水中1 d及7 d尿素释放试验,7 d土壤中尿素释放试验测定了其缓释性能,结果表明,在优化的试验条件下其尿素溶出率分别可以达到13.3%、20.4%和14.2%,缓释性能较好。Using formaldehyde crosslinked corn starch as coated material,urea slow release fertilizer was synthesized covered by biodegradable cross-linked starch.3 g corn starch with the particle size of 1 mm was mixed 9 g urea.Gelatinization temperature was 135 ℃.8 m L methanal was added.The p H value was adjusted to 8.5-9.0.Reaction temperature was 75-80℃.Reaction time was 90 min.Then the temperature was lower to 65 ℃,the p H value was 3.0-3.5,with reaction time of45 -60 min.The slowly releasing property of slow release fertilizer was detected through dissolved rate from water and simulated soil.Results showed that the 1 d and 7 d dissolved rate of urea from water reached 13.3% and 20.4%.The dissolved rate of urea from simulated soil reached 14.2%.

关 键 词：淀粉 尿素 缓释化肥 生物降解 

分 类 号：S134.7[农业科学—农业基础科学]