平沙绿僵菌侵染筛胸梳爪叩甲幼虫的扫描电镜观察  

Infection Process of Metarhizium pingshaense on Melanotus cribricollis( Coleoptera: Elateridae) Observed by Scanning Electron Microscope

作　　者：张亚波[1] 吴小双[1] 叶碧欢 吴盼盼[1] 舒金平[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院亚热带林业研究所,富阳311400

出　　处：《林业科学》2014年第11期197-201,共5页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：浙江省科技计划重大科技专项(2010C02005-3);"十二五"国家科技计划农村领域项目(2012BAD19B0803)

摘　　要：金针虫是叩甲（鞘翅目Coleoptera叩甲科Elateridae）幼虫的通称，广布于世界各地，危害农作物、林木及牧草等，是一类极为重要的地下害虫。筛胸梳爪叩甲（Melanotus cribricollis）是浙江笋用林内的优势种群，其幼虫（即金针虫）是笋期主要害虫之一，在湖州地区德清和安吉、杭州地区余杭和临安等重要竹区的早园竹（Phyllostachys praecox）林中，鲜笋带虫率可达62％，种笋受害率更是高达80％以上，严重制约了当地竹产业的健康发展（徐天森，2004），造成了巨大的经济损失。Larvae of Melanotus cribricollis （ wireworm ） ,one of the most important pests of bamboo at shoot stage in southern China,can be effectively controlled by Metarhizium pingshaense. Compared with many other pests,cuticle of the larva of M. cribricollis is harder and smoother,which makes the infection process of M. pingshaense on M. cribricollis still unclear. In this research,the infection process was studied by observation under scanning electron microscope. The results showed that the conidia of M. pingshaense were mostly found on segmacoria and tips of the foot,secondly on conjunctivum and corrugation on the abdomen,with fewer on the smooth and hard parts. The larvae of M. cribricolli were mostly invaded by germ tube and appressorium of M. pingshaense,and then the mycelia and conidia appeared on the larva body. A germ tube formed at one end of the conidia in 12 h after inoculation. A small part of conidia germinated on the larva body surface while most of conidia penetrated into the larvae by the formed germ tubes in 18 h after inoculation. The germ tubes failed to invade the larvae could form mycelia and grow on surface of the cuticle,and then formed germ tube and appressorium at weak parts. The cuticle penetrated by germtubes or appressoria could be observed at the corrugation parts. The white mycelia firstly appeared at the legsocket of the infected larvae,and the mycelia growing out of the infected larva cuticle began to form new conidiophores and conidia. This study can lay a foundation for research of infection mechanism of M. pingshaense on M. cribricollis.

关 键 词：平沙绿僵菌 筛胸梳爪叩甲 金针虫 侵染过程 扫描电镜 

分 类 号：S718.7[农业科学—林学]