腾冲热海热泉水化学组分来源及其形成机制探讨  

Source of Hydrochemical Composition and Formation Mechanism of Rehai Geothermal Water in Tengchong

作　　者：刘明亮[1] 曹耀武[1] 王敏黛 李洁祥 郭清海[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)环境学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2014年第6期1-7,共7页Safety and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41120124003);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CUG120505、CUG120113)

摘　　要：热海地热田是腾冲水热活动最强烈的地区,广泛分布各种沸泉、热泉、温泉、喷气孔、喷气地面和泉华。本文对腾冲热海13个热泉的水化学组分进行R型聚类分析,并将聚类结果分为A、B两大类:A类包括Cl、K、Na、Li、Rb、B、Cs、F、SiO2和As,它们是热海温泉群主要的矿物质成分,其中Cl、B和As主要来源于岩浆脱气作用,Li、Na、K、Rb、Cs和SiO2主要来源于地热流体与围岩之间的水-岩相互作用,F的来源与岩浆脱气和水-岩相互作用都有关;B类包括Ca、Mg、Sr和SO2-4,主要来源于浅层冷水的混合。此外,结合热海热泉水的水化学特征分析,探讨了大滚锅、老滚锅、鼓鸣泉、眼睛泉、怀胎井、无名泉3及两个酸性泉(珍珠泉和地热体验区)的形成机制,并提出了热海地热系统热泉形成机制的概念模型。Rehai,a geothermal area with the most active hydrothermal activity in Tengchong,is characterized by occurrence of numerous hot springs,fumaroles,steaming ground and sinter.In this study,R-cluster analysis of the chemical composition of 13 geothermal water samples is made.These hydrochemical indices can be divided into two groups：type A and type B.Type A includes Cl,Na,K,Li,Rb,Cs,F,SiO2 and As,which are the characteristic constituents of the Rehai hot springs.Among these constituents,Cl,B and As are primarily derived from magma degassing,while Li,Na,K,Rb,Cs and SiO2 from the interactions between geothermal fluids and subsurface rocks.F is unique because it may be affected by both magma degassing and water-rock interactions.Type B is composed of Ca,Mg,Sr and SO2-4,the mixing of cold groundwaters being one of the major sources of them.Based on their hydrochemical characteristics,the formation mechanisms of both neutral and acid springs discharged from Rehai are analyzed.A conceptual model for illustrating the formation of the Rehai geothermal system is put forward as well.

关 键 词：热海热泉 水化学组分 岩浆脱气 水-岩相互作用 形成机制 

分 类 号：X14[环境科学与工程—环境科学]