庆阳市土地利用变化的景观生态效应研究  

Land Use Change and Its Ecological Effect in Qingyang City of Gansu Province

作　　者：付梦娣[1] 妙旭华 全占军[1] 叶瑶[1,3] 王琦[1] 李俊生[1] 肖能文[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [2]甘肃省环境科学设计研究院,兰州730000 [3]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,南京210095

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2014年第6期240-244,共5页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(2013-YSKY-16);国家科技支撑项目(2008BAC43B01)

摘　　要：本文以甘肃省庆阳市为研究对象,选取2005年和2010年Landsat TM影像作为基本信息源,借助GIS技术和Fragstas 4.0软件,研究庆阳市的土地利用/覆被变化及其景观生态效应。结果表明:(1)研究时段内土地利用/覆盖变化较大,各土地类型间转换频繁。落叶阔叶林面积大幅度减少,减少的落叶阔叶林转变为灌木林,且落叶阔叶林减少量大于灌木林增加量。耕地面积逐渐减少,草地、居住地和交通用地明显增加。(2)庆阳市斑块数目较多,平均斑块面积在增加,但景观丰富度、边缘密度和斑块密度呈减小趋势。斑块破碎化程度在减小,景观空间异质性减小和均质化发展使得景观稳定性降低。林草地边缘效应的降低,使其景观生态功能减弱。In this paper, with the aid of the GIS technology and the software of Fragstas 4.0, Landsat/TM images of Qingyang city in 2005 and 2010 were selected to study the land use/cover change and its landscape ecological effects. The results showed that land use/cover of Qingyang had changed greatly within these peri- ods. Land covers between various types were frequently transformed. The area of deciduous broad-leaved forest decreased greatly and was converted into shrubbery. The decrement area of deciduous broad-leaved forest is greater than increment area of shrubbery. The area of cropland decreased, while the area of grass- land, residence and traffic land increased evidently. The number and mean size of patches were added in Qingyang. However, landscape richness, edge density and patch density reduced. The patch fragmentation and landscape spatial heterogeneity decreased and the tendency of homogenize of landscape Led to the decline of landscape stability. The decrease of edge effect of woodland and grassland Led to the function declined of landscape.

关 键 词：庆阳市 土地利用变化 景观格局 景观空间异质性 生态效应 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济] X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]