干旱和盐分交互胁迫对桑树部分生理生化性状的影响  

Impact of Drought and Salinization Interactive Stress on Some Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Morus L.

作　　者：于振旭[1] 王延平[1] 王华田[1] 谭启航[1] 马风云[1] 秦光华[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东省高校森林培育重点试验室,国家林业局泰山生态系统定位研究站,山东农业大学林学院,山东泰安271018 [2]山东省林业科学研究院,济南254100

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2014年第6期987-994,共8页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：国家公益行业科研专项(No.201104002-6);世界银行贷款山东生态造林项目(No.SEAP-KY-1)

摘　　要：干旱和土壤盐渍化是盐碱地造林的主导生态限制因子,选择与种植耐旱耐盐树种是实现盐碱地植被恢复的主要途径。采用随机区组试验设计和盆栽试验方法,研究持续干旱和盐分交互胁迫对桑树光合作用、蒸腾作用、保护酶活性和渗透调节的影响,为评价桑树对干旱和土壤盐渍化环境的适应能力提供参考。双因素方差分析结果表明:单一干旱胁迫对桑树叶片的光合作用、蒸腾作用和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性有显著或极显著影响,而单一盐分胁迫对这些生理生化性状没有显著影响;盐胁迫和干旱胁迫的交互作用对桑树叶片的渗透调节物质含量有极显著影响,但对桑树叶片的光合作用、蒸腾作用和SOD活性的影响不显著。试验结果说明,干旱是影响桑树上述生理生化性状的主导因子,而土壤盐分的影响作用不明显;但盐分与干旱交互胁迫,会加重对桑树渗透调节功能的影响。Drought and soil salinization are predominant ecological limiting factors on saline land. To select and grow trees with drought resistance and salt tolerance is the major way to restore vegetation on saline land. Based on randomized block design and pot experiment method,the impact of continuous drought and salinization interactive stress on mulberry photosynthesis,transpiration,activity of protective enzymes,and osmotic regulation was studied so as to provide references for evaluating the adaptability of mulberry to dry and saline soil environment. Dual-factor analysis of variance revealed that single drought stress had significant or extremely significant impact on photosynthesis,transpiration and SOD activity of mulberry leaf,whereas single salinization stress had no significant impact on these physiological and biochemical characteristics. Interaction of drought and salinization stress had extremely significant effect on content of osmotic regulators in muberry leaf,but had no significant effect on photosynthesis,transpiration and SOD activity of mulberry leaf. These results indicate that drought is a predominant factor affecting the above physiological and biochemical characteristics of mulberry,whereas soil salinization has no obvious effect.However,drought and salinization interactive stress would aggravate the impact on osmotic regulation of mulberry.

关 键 词：桑树 干旱 盐分 交互胁迫 光合作用 蒸腾作用 保护酶 渗透调节 

分 类 号：S888.2[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养] Q945.1[农业科学—畜牧兽医]