黄河花园口径流突变与大气环流异常关系分析  

Relationship Between Runoff of Huayuankou Station on Yellow River and Atmospheric Circulation Anomalies

作　　者：常军[1,2] 赵宇[3] 左璇[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局农业气象保障与应用技术重点开放实验室,河南郑州450003 [2]河南省气候中心,河南郑州450003 [3]中国科学院大气物理研究所大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《人民黄河》2014年第12期11-13,共3页Yellow River

摘　　要：利用黄河花园口径流资料和NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,从大气环流是否异常的角度,分析得到黄河花园口径流对全球气候变化响应的结果和引起径流变化的大气环流成因。结果表明:黄河花园口年径流量和主汛期径流量均具有显著减少趋势;花园口径流量在1986年发生了气候突变,突变之后径流减少更加显著。以主汛期为例,分析突变前后北半球环流差异特征:500 h Pa高度场分析表明,阶段Ⅰ(1949—1985年)经向环流表现突出,而阶段Ⅱ(1986—2010年)以纬向环流为主;海平面气压场分析表明,阶段Ⅰ蒙古低压异常强大,夏季风偏强,而阶段Ⅱ蒙古低压明显减弱,夏季风偏弱;700 h Pa风场分析表明,阶段Ⅰ异常西南风距平一直伸展到黄河流域及华北地区,而阶段Ⅱ从东北华北经黄河中下游到四川为异常东北风距平;纬度-高度风剖面变化分析表明,阶段Ⅰ中异常上升支位于黄淮及华北地区,而阶段Ⅱ异常下沉支位于黄淮及华北地区。In respect of the abnormality of atmospheric circulation,the response of the runoff of Huayuankou Station on the Yellow River to global climate change and the atmospheric circulation have been studied by using the runoff observation data at Huayuankou Station and NCEP/NCAR re-analysis data. Results show that：a）both the annual runoff and the main flood season runoff at Huayuankou Station show a significant decreasing trend;b）a climate mutation of runoff occurred in 1986,and the reduction is much more significant after the mutation;c）in case of the main flood season,discriminative features of northern hemisphere circulation can be distinguished as two stages：before and after the mutation. Among them：In the altitude difference field at 500 hPa,stage Ⅰ（1949—1985）shows a more significant meridional circulation while stage Ⅱ（1986—2010）is dominated by zonal circulation;As for the difference of sea level pressure,in stage Ⅰ the low pressure of Mongolia during the major flood period is extraordinarily strong,and summer monsoon gets heavier. On the contrary,in stageⅡthe low pressure of Mongolia during the major flood period decreases significantly,and summer monsoon gets weaker;In the wind difference field at 700 hPa,anomalous southwesterly reaches the Yellow River basin and north China during the major flood period of stage Ⅰ,while in stage Ⅱ,there is anomalous northeasterly from northeast China, north China,middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River basin to Sichuan Province;From latitude-height profiles ,we can conclude that：in stage Ⅰ,there is an anomalous rise in the Huang-Huai area and north China,which is just the opposite from stage Ⅱ.

关 键 词：径流 突变 大气环流异常 花园口 黄河 

分 类 号：TV121[水利工程—水文学及水资源]