桑沟湾夏、秋季悬浮颗粒物的沉降通量及再悬浮的影响  

Vertical flux and resuspension of settling particulate matter of Sanggou Bay in summer and autumn

作　　者：杨茜[1] 杨庶[1] 宋娴丽[1,2] 孙耀[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071 [2]山东省海水养殖研究所,山东青岛266002

出　　处：《海洋学报》2014年第12期85-90,共6页

基　　金：中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(2014A01YY01);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(20603022013003)

摘　　要：应用锚式悬挂沉积物捕捉器法,研究了我国北方重要海水养殖区域桑沟湾悬浮颗粒物沉降通量的分布特征,并通过金属Al标记法,同步测定了沉降颗粒物再悬浮比率。结果表明,桑沟湾的底层悬浮颗粒物(SPM)、颗粒有机碳(POC)、颗粒态总氮(PTN)和颗粒态总磷(PTP)平均表观沉降通量分别为1 511.4g/(m2·d)、20.01g/(m2·d)、1.497g/(m2·d)和0.474g/(m2·d),显著高于我国其他近岸海域,但底层沉降颗粒物再悬浮比率平均值高达92.8%,认为在养殖内湾,受再悬浮程度的影响,测得的底层表观沉降通量是中层的2.7倍,秋季明显大于夏季,海带和扇贝养殖区大于牡蛎养殖区。经再悬浮比率校正后的净沉降通量,仍存在着显著的空间和季节变化,但受控因素发生了根本转变;这主要表现为净沉降颗粒物质主要源于生物代谢活动强烈中上层水体,贝类的排泄作用使牡蛎和扇贝养殖区的净沉降通量显著大于海带养殖区,养殖贝类个体增大、排泄量增加使秋季净沉降通量高于夏季。在我国近岸海域,再悬浮作用的影响,会对该区域悬浮颗粒物沉降通量的估算带来巨大误差,因此该作用不容忽视。The distribution feature of vertical flux of SPM was studied with twin-tube sediment traps tethered at bottom in Sanggou Bay, which is an important aqua-culture waters in north coast of China,in summer and autumn. At the same time,resuspension proportion of SPM was determined by mark method of metal Al. The average ap parent vertical fluxes determined near bottom about 1 m of SPM, POC,PTN and PTP was separately 1 511.4 g/ （m^2·d） ,20.01 g/（m^2·d） ,1. 497 g/（m^2·d） and 0. 474 g/（m^2·d） ,which is much higher than other coastal wa- ters of China,and the average bottom resuspension proportion of SPM was 92.8% and unthinkably high. This high resuspension was mainly caused by wind-stirring. As affected by resuspension,the average vertical flux deter- mined near bottom was 2.7 times of that at middle-layer and the vertical fluxes in fall or culture areas of kelp and scallop were significantly higher than that in summer or culture area of oyster. Net vertical flux,corrected by resus- pension proportion, had still significant spatial and seasonal change, but there＇s an important conversion on its con- trolling mechanism. The net SPM mainly rooted in upper waters,in which there＇s intense metabolic action pro- duced by cultured and accrete organism. Bivalve excreta made the net settling flux in culture areas of oyster and scallop higher than that in culture area of kelp, and the net settling flux in autumn higher than that in summer with cultured and accrete organism growth and excreta increment.

关 键 词：沉降通量 再悬浮 悬浮颗粒物 桑沟湾 

分 类 号：P736.4[天文地球—海洋地质]