侧向风作用下车辆荷载突变效应的CFD模拟研究  

Simulation of Effect of Sudden Change of Vehicle Loads under Cross Wind by CFD Method

作　　者：周记国[1] 胡兆同[1] 薛晓锋[1] 王桂花[2] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学公路学院,陕西西安710064 [2]白城师范学院土木学院,吉林白城137000

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2015年第1期145-152,共8页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(CHD2011JC195);特大型桥梁综合防灾减灾理论与方法研究项目(2011318223170)

摘　　要：为研究车辆在突变风荷载作用下的气动特性,以大客车为研究对象,采用计算流体力学CFD(computational Fluid Dynamics)数值模拟方法,对侧向风作用下车辆风荷载突变过程中车辆的气动力特性进行了研究。采用动网格技术实现了对车辆行驶出隧道及通过桥塔区域时车辆风荷载的突变过程的动态模拟,分析了车体表面压力分布及气动力系数变化规律,讨论了车速、风速、车辆所处车道位置对车辆气动力系数变化的影响。研究结果表明:车辆行驶出隧道及车辆穿过桥塔区域时隧道及桥塔遮风效应的影响区域变长,车辆的三分力系数均有较大的突变。车辆所受风荷载突变使车辆的安全稳定系数发生较大突变,对车辆的行车安全和舒适性带来较不利的影响。In order to investigate the aerodynamic characteristics of vehicle under the action of sudden change wind load, choosing bus as the research object and using computational fluid dynamics （CFD） numerical simulation method, the aerodynamic characteristic of vehicle while the wind load on vehicle changes dramatically under cross wind action is researched. With the dynamic meshing technique, the sudden change processes of wind load on vehicle while vehicle passing out tunnel and passing through bridge pylon are dynamically simulated. The variation regularities of pressure distribution on vehicle surface and aerodynamic force coefficient are analyzed. Moreover, the influences of vehicle speed, wind speed and lane position of vehicle on the vehicle aerodynamic force coefficient are investigated. The results demonstrate that （1） the tunnel and bridge pylon effective regions of windshield are lengthen and the aerodynamic coefficients of vehicle have different degree of sudden change in the process of vehicle passing out tunnel and passing through bridge pylon; （2） the wind load drastic change on vehicle makes the safety factor of vehicle drastic change, which is adverse to the running safety and comfort of vehicle.

关 键 词：交通工程 车桥系统 数值模拟 气动力特性 行车安全 

分 类 号：U491.2[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]