大学生网络和手机依赖及其与心理健康状况的相关性  

A comparative analysis on mental health of college students with internet addiction and mobile phone addiction

作　　者：黄海[1] 侯建湘[1] 余莉[2] 周春燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学应用心理学研究所,湖北武汉430074 [2]武汉理工大学华夏学院

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2014年第11期1654-1656,1659,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：湖北高校人文社科重点研究基地-中国地质大学大学生发展与创新中心科研开放基金资助(DXS20140026);中国地质大学(武汉)中央高校基本科协业务费专项资金资助项目(CUGW100208;CUGW120225)

摘　　要：目的了解大学生网络依赖、手机依赖现状及其与心理健康状况的相关性,为提高大学生心理健康水平实施针对性的教育提供参考。方法采用方便抽样法,从某高校选取1 172名大二、三年级学生,选用中文网络依赖量表修订版、手机依赖量表及症状自评量表进行测查。结果大学生手机依赖检出率（15.4%）高于网络依赖（8.7%）,且存在一定比例的2种依赖共病现象。男生、理科生的网络依赖得分更高（t值分别为3.47,-2.28,P值均〈0.01）,女生、文科生的手机依赖得分更高（t值分别为-3.26,2.98,P值均〈0.01）,大二学生网络与手机依赖得分均高于大三学生（t值分别为7.04,5.01,P值均〈0.01）。纯网络依赖组、纯手机依赖组及2种依赖共病组的心理健康总均分和各因子得分均高于无依赖组,且2种依赖共病组的心理健康总均分和各因子得分均高于纯网络或手机依赖组（P值均〈0.05）。网络依赖、手机依赖得分均与心理健康各因子得分和总均分呈正相关（r网络=0.25-0.36;r手机=0.35-0.46,P值均〈0.01）。抑郁、焦虑分别对网络依赖、手机依赖的预测作用最大（B值分别为0.15,0.22,P值均〈0.01）。精神病性与强迫对网络和手机依赖均有预测作用（B值分别为0.15,0.10,0.11和0.10,P值均〈0.05）。结论大学生手机依赖程度高于网络依赖,并存在2种依赖共病现象,2种依赖在性别及学科类型上的分布有明显不同。个体网络依赖、手机依赖与心理健康状况的关系既有所不同,又有相似之处。Objective To investigate basic characteristics of internet addiction and mobile phone addiction among college students, and to provide valuable references to improving pertinence of education on college students＇ mental health. Methods Totally 1 172 students were selected in a university. They were assessed with Chinese Internet Addiction Scale＇s Revision （CIASR）, Mobile Phone Addiction Index （MPAI） and Symptom Checklist 90 （ SCL-90 ）. Results The prevalence rate of mobile phone addiction（ 15.4%） was higher than that of internet addiction（ 8.7%）, and there was a certain proportion of comorbidity. Male and science students＇ Internet addiction score was higher （ P〈0.01 ） , and female and art students＇ mobile phone addiction score was higher（ P〈0.01 ）. Sophomore＇ Internet and mobile phone addiction score was higher（ P〈0.01 ） than junior. All mental health factors＇ score of single internet addiction, single mobile phone addiction and comorbidity group was higher than no addiction group （ P 〈0.01 ） , and these factors＇ score of the comorbidity group was higher than others（ P〈0.01 ）. There was a significant positive correlation between mental health and internet or mobile phone addiction（ r=0.25-0.36;r= 0.35-0.46,P〈0.01）. Depression was most important predictor of internet addiction, and anxious was most important predictor of mobile phone addiction （ B = 0.15,0.22, P〈 0.01）. Psychotic and obsessive-compulsive disorder were important predictor of two kinds of addiction （ P〈0.05 ）. Conclusion It suggests that mobile phone rate is higher than internet addiction, and there was a certain proportion of comorbidity. Two types of addiction＇s distribution in gender and major are obviously different. The relationship between internet addiction or mobile phone addiction and mental health is different and similar in college students.

关 键 词：因特网 依赖(心理学) 健康状况 精神卫生 学生 

分 类 号：B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学] R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]