FAST故障促动器快速拆换机构设计与研究  

A Study of a Design of a Mechanism for Rapidly Dismounting and Assembling a Faulty FAST Actuator

作　　者：薛建兴[1] 雷政[1] 古学东[1] 王启明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院国家天文台,北京100012

出　　处：《天文研究与技术》2015年第1期102-108,共7页Astronomical Research & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11173035);中国科学院国家天文台青年人才基金项目资助

摘　　要：针对射电望远镜FAST促动器存在长期承受重载拉力、洼地使用、潮湿多雨、数量大、分布广、设计寿命长等维护不利条件,基于接口便于安装、加载安全可靠、拉杆地面调节、拆换销轴爬梯的设计要点,提出了一种故障促动器快速拆换机构方案,并对关键技术进行研究:包括上连杆开口非封闭C型结构强度、刚度及轻量化有限元分析,抗剪键组件运动控制计算。以上工作为后续快速拆换机构物理样机研制提供了设计方案、分析思路及计算方法,也对解决同类重型加载装置的拆换具有借鉴意义。The FAST （Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope） now being assembled will be the largest and most sensitive single-dish radio telescope in the world. The FAST uses an Arecibo-type antenna of three outstanding aspects： its location within a Karst depression, its being an active reflector antenna, and its light-weight feed cabin. During observational tracking its reflector surface will be adjusted by down-pull cables and main cables, which are driven by actuators. The actuators consist of mechanical, electrical, and hydraulic components. The actuators will work in a high-humidity depression and constantly bear pulling forces with the maximum levels ranging from 6 to 10 tons. The actuators, which number in 2225 sets, have an average speed of about 0.2mm/s, and some actuators will work continuously. It will thus be inevitable for some actuators to have faults. Actuator faults will reduce service efficiencies and reflector-surface accuracies in the long lifetime of the FAST which is designed to be 30 years . However, the distance between any two of the actuators will be more than 10m, depression with some of them located in steep and the actuators will be distributed over the bottom of a 500m rugged areas or being blocked by down-pull cables, other actuators, flanges, and anchors. These factors make it hard for field maintenance of actuators. A mechanism for rapidly dismounting and assembling a faulty actuator will be an indispensable tool for normal operation of the FAST. We hereby propose a design of such a mechanism. We present several key aspects of the design, including easy installation of connections to actuators, safe force loading, manual adjustment of the pull-rod length by staff without being lifted above ground, and a ladder with dismountable pins. We analyze two particular issues of the design, The first is a finite-element analysis of the strength, stiffness, and weight- minimization of the open C-type upper-connecting rod. The second is control of moving shear-connector components.

关 键 词：FAST促动器 拆换机构 有限元分析 运动控制 

分 类 号：P111.44[天文地球—天文学]