大中小学生健康素质教育衔接路径与策略研究  

Health education connection path and strategy research among primary,middle School,and college Students

作　　者：王小合[1] 钱宇[1] 黄仙红[1] 张萌[1] 汪胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州师范大学医学院,浙江杭州310036

出　　处：《中国卫生政策研究》2014年第12期62-69,共8页Chinese Journal of Health Policy

基　　金：全国教育科学"十一五"规划教育部规划课题(GLB070030);杭州市科技计划软科学项目(20100834M24)

摘　　要：目的:分析大中小学生健康素质特征及主要影响教育路径,找出不同阶段学生健康素质教育的关键需求及衔接点,探讨提高学生健康素质教育策略。方法:运用分层整群抽样方法对杭州市城乡17所学校共2 939名大中小学生进行现场问卷调查;运用方差分析、曲线拟合及多元线性回归法分析大中小学生健康素质的差异及主要影响教育路径。结果:小学生健康素质最好,大学生与初中生差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),高中生健康素质最差;初高中阶段是当前学生持续健康素质教育质量、路径衔接及策略的最薄弱环节;大中小学生健康素质的主要影响教育路径及重要性顺次不同,随着学生层次提高,其生理素质的需求及对健康素质发展的作用逐渐减小,道德素质趋于稳定发展,心理素质和社会适应能力需求及作用持续增大。结论:大中小学生健康素质整体呈现出随着学生层次提高逐渐下降的态势;围绕小学生"培育健康意识与生活习惯"、中学生"形成健康生活思维方式与行为"、大学生"塑造健康人格与提高健康素养与能力"进行学校持续健康素质教育相关路径的衔接设计,是促进学生健康素质全面发展及实现"健康育人"首要教育目标的关键策略。Objective： To find out the key demand and connection point of health quality education for students of different stages by analysis of their health quality characteristics and the main contribution path,and then explore strategies to improve health quality. Methods： The stratified random cluster sampling method was carried out to select the sample population in Hangzhou. The variance analysis,curve fitting and multivariate linear regression analysis were used to analyze health quality characteristics and the main contribution path. Results： The health quality of primary school students was best; the difference in quality between college students and junior high school students was not statistically significant（ P 0. 05）; and high school students had the worst health quality. The high school stage is the weakest link of health quality education. The order of the health education path and the means for improving the health quality of college,high school,and primary school students differ. With the improvement of students＇ level,the students that require physical quality promotion gradually decreases; the moral quality demand remains stable; and the psychological quality and social adaptation ability present the tendency of a gradual increase. Conclusion： Student health quality shows a tendency to decreases with the rise of learning phase. The education departments should foster health consciousness and habits for students,form a healthy lifestyle behavior and ways of thinking for high school students,shape healthy personalities to improve health literacy and social adaptation abilities for college student,which is the key strategy for promoting the health quality of all-round development of the students and achieve the primary education goal of ＂health education＂.

关 键 词：大中小学生 健康素质 健康素质教育 衔接路径 

分 类 号：R197[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]