广西北海市滨海湿地互花米草入侵对大型底栖动物的影响  

Effect of Spartina alterniflora Invasion on Benthic Macro-invertebrates in Coastal Wetlands of Beihai,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

作　　者：赵彩云[1] 李俊生[1] 宫璐[1] 罗建武[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《湿地科学》2014年第6期733-739,共7页Wetland Science

基　　金：环境保护部事业经费项目;中国环境科学研究院院所基金项目(2012-YSKY-05)资助

摘　　要：为了解互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)入侵对滨海湿地大型底栖动物的生态危害,于2012年10月,在广西北海市丹兜海、青山头和西村港选取了入侵年限为20 a以上、5 a以上和1 a左右的互花米草群落,进行大型底栖动物调查,分析各生境大型底栖动物群落结构和生物多样性。结果表明,不同的互花米草群落土壤中的大型底栖动物物种组成不同。基于非度量多维度(non-metric multidimensional scaling,NMDS)分析发现,入侵20 a以上的互花米草群落与其他互花米草群落土壤中的大型底栖动物群落结构相似度很低;大型底栖动物物种生物量随着互花米草群落入侵时间的延长而降低,且这种差异与互花米草密度显著相关(p<0.05);不同互花米草群落土壤中的大型底栖动物的多样性之间差异不显著(p<0.05),物种数量在入侵约1 a的互花米草群落土壤中升高,在入侵20 a以上的互花米草群落土壤中下降,而大型底栖动物的均匀度指数则与之相反;回归分析表明,大型底栖动物多样性的变化与互花米草密度显著相关。In order to assess the ecological impacts of Spartina alterniflora invasion on macro-invertebrates,we selected species composition,biomass and diversity of macro-invertebrates at Spartina alterniflora communities soils in Dandouhai,Qingshantou and Xicungang in Beihai,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in October,2012.The invasive years were 20 years,5 years and 1 years.Results showed that the communities structures of macro-invertebrates were distinguished different in Spartina alterniflora communities for 20 years from other two communities by non-metric multidimensional scaling analysis.The biomass of macro-invertebrates decreased with the extension of time for Spartina alterniflora communities,which was related with density of Spartina alterniflora（p〈0.05）.No distinguished differences of richness index of macro-invertebrates were found among different invasive years（p〈0.05）,the species number of macro-invertebrates increased in Spartina alterniflora communities for 1 a and obviously decreased in Spartina alterniflora communities for 20 years,while the evenness index on the contrary.In addition,the results also showed all of these changes of macro-invertebrates at different communities were related to the density of Spartina alterniflora based by multiple linear regressions.

关 键 词：大型底栖动物 互花米草 入侵 生物多样性 群落结构 广西北海市 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]