某医院EICU患者标本病原菌分布及其耐药性调查  

INVESTIGATION OF PATHOGEN DISTRIBUTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE OF INPATIENTS IN EICU OF A HOSPITAL

作　　者：胡业佳[1] 姜海明[2] 崔勇[1] 张晓丽[3] 

机构地区：[1]滨州医学院基础医学院,山东烟台264003 [2]滨州医学院附属医院 [3]滨州医学院护理学院

出　　处：《中国消毒学杂志》2014年第12期1319-1321,共3页Chinese Journal of Disinfection

摘　　要：目的了解医院急诊监护病房(EICU)患者感染病原菌分布及其耐药性,以合理选用抗生素。方法采用细菌分离鉴定技术和药敏试验方法,对一所教学综合医院EICU患者送检病原学标本进行检测与分析。结果 2012年EICU患者送检标本中,共检出病原菌105株,其中革兰阴性菌占50.48%,真菌占38.10%,革兰阳性菌占11.43%。有87.62%的病原菌分离自痰标本,7.62%分离自血标本。病原菌中以铜绿假单胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌和白色念珠菌为优势菌群。所分离的病原菌对部分抗菌药物产生耐药,主要革兰阴性菌对美罗培南、头孢哌酮/舒巴坦、亚胺培南等抗菌药物较敏感;金黄色葡萄球菌对克林霉素、奎奴普汀-达福普汀、利奈唑胺、万古霉素、复方新诺明等敏感。结论该医院EICU住院患者送检标本分离出革兰阴性杆菌和真菌居多,应提高病原学标本送检率和药敏试验率,实时监控耐药菌情况。Objective To understand pathogen distribution and drug resistance in EICU（ emergency intensive care unit）for rational use of antibiotics. Methods Bacteria isolation and identification method and drug susceptibility test were used to detect and to analyze delivered patients’ specimen in EICU of a teaching General Hospital. Results 105 strains of pathogens in EICU of the hospital in year 2012 were isolated,among which the Gram- negative bacteria accounted for50. 48%,fungi accounted for 38. 10% and the Gram- positive bacteria accounted for 11. 43%. There were 87. 62% of pathogens isolated from sputum specimens,and 7. 62% isolated from blood samples. Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans were the dominant flora in pathogenic bacteria. Some of the isolated pathogens were resistant to antimicrobial drugs. The Gram- negative bacteria were more sensitive to Meropenem,Cefoperazone / Sulbactam,Imipenem and other antimicrobial agents,and Staphylococcus aureus was more sensitive to Clindamycin,Quinupristin- Dalfopristin,Linezolid,Vancomycin,Sulfamethoxazole. Conclusion The detection pathogens of inpatient samples in EICU of this hospital are mostly Gram- negative bacteria and fungi. Therefore clinical specimen submission rate and susceptibility testing rate should be incresed. Resistant cases should be real- timely monitored.

关 键 词：急诊监护病房 医院感染 病原菌 抗菌药物 耐药性 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]