天津地区不同土地利用方式对土壤微生物群落的影响  

Impact of Different Land Practice on Soil Microbial Community in Tianjin

作　　者：刘杰[1] 高广海[1] 王莹莹[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学环境科学与工程学院环境污染过程与基准教育部重点实验室天津市城市生态环境修复与污染防治重点实验室,天津300071

出　　处：《南开大学学报（自然科学版）》2014年第6期45-52,共8页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Nankaiensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31270545);天津市应用基础与前沿技术研究计划(12JCZDJC29700)

摘　　要：实验通过基于现代分子生物方法的变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR-DGGE)技术比较分析了天津地区农业和工业两种类型用地土壤中微生物多样性及群落结构动态.结果表明:工业用地土壤中微生物Shannon-Weaver多样性(p<0.05)和均匀度(p=0.005)低于农业用地,在外源物质的输入和生态系统的耗散结构作用下,工业污染用地土壤表现出较高的微生物相对含量和群落组织能力,促进了特异优势菌形成,通过微生物资源管理可以将其应用于生态污染修复.同时,研究也发现土壤中真菌(41.7%±5.9%)的群落动态要高于细菌(32.7%±3.1%)(p<0.01),这表明真菌在评价土壤质量状况时更具潜力.In current study,the microbial diversity and community structure in agricultural and industrial land soil in Tianjin were compared by using the polymerase chain reaction and degeneration gradient gel electrophoresis（PCR-DGGE）.The results showed that,microbial diversity and community structure was dependent on the types of soil.Comparing to agricultural land soil,industrial land soil with contamination have low microbial Shannon-Weaver diversity（p0.05）and evenness（p=0.005）.Due to the input of xenobiotics and the dissipative structure of ecosystem,industrial land soil displayed relatively high microbial abundance and ability of functional organization,then promote the formation of unique dominated colonies,which could be used in pollution eco-restoration through the microbial source management.The results also found that fungal community dynamic（41.7%±5.9%）was higher than the bacterial dynamic（32.7%±3.1%）（p0.01）in soil,and hence demonstrated that fungus possess the more potential ability to evaluate soil quality.

关 键 词：土壤 细菌 真菌 群落组织 耗散结构 变性梯度凝胶电泳 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]