基于专利的行业技术知识基础结构演变分析  

The knowledge base evolution in industry: based on patent intelligence analysis

作　　者：刘岩[1] 蔡虹[1] 向希尧[2] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学管理学院,陕西西安710049 [2]西安理工大学经济与管理学院,陕西西安710048

出　　处：《科学学研究》2014年第7期1019-1028,共10页Studies in Science of Science

基　　金：高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助课题(20110201110017);国家自然科学基金资助项目(71272137)

摘　　要：行业技术知识基础是技术创新的起点,技术知识基础结构的异质性决定了行业未来创新活动的差异。本文采用中国知识产权局专利数据库(SIPO)为数据源,探索了行业技术知识基础结构演变轨迹。以中国生物制药和电子信息两个行业从1985年到2010年成功申请的专利数据为样本,描述了两个行业技术知识基础结构变化曲线,发现两个行业技术知识基础结构存在显著差异。且计量结果显示当技术知识基础多元度以非相关多元度为主时,随着非相关多元度的提升,技术知识基础深度、一致性、网络密度和中心性不断降低,而认知距离不断提高;而当行业技术知识基础多元度以相关多元度为主时,相关多元度与技术知识基础的深度、一致性、网络密度和中心性正相关,与认知距离负相关。The knowledge base of the industry is the starting point of the innovation. The heterogeneity within knowledge base is a main driver of difference of innovational activities. In this paper we use the ＇ State Intellectual Property Office of P. R. C＇ database as data source, to explore the structure of industrial knowledge base. Based on the patent data of Chinese biotechnology and electrical ＆ electronic industry during 1985 to 2010, we describe the knowledge base dynamics of the high - tech industry. The results show that the structure of knowledge bases of biotechnology and electrical ＆ electronic industry is different. And when the overall knowledge base variety is rise and dominated by the unrelated variety, depth, coherence, network density and centralization is fall but cognitive distance will be rise. While as the maturation of the new technology, the variety of knowledge base is dominated by related variety, depth, coherence, network density and centralization to rise, however, cognitive distance of industry knowledge base will fall.

关 键 词：生物制药行业 电子信息行业 技术知识基础 专利数据 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理] G305[经济管理—国民经济]