三种香蕉茎叶青贮饲料对云南黄牛生长性能及肉品质影响研究  

Study of banana stems and leaves silage on beef quality and growth performance of Yunnan yellow cattle

作　　者：王明媛[1,2] 袁希平[2] 张曦[1] 黄必志[2] 刘建勇[2] 王喆[2] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学动物科学技术学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南省草地动物科学研究院,云南昆明650212

出　　处：《饲料工业》2015年第1期55-59,共5页Feed Industry

基　　金：云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目[2013J100];国家现代肉牛牦牛产业技术体系项目(现代农业体系建设)[CARS-38];国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项[201403049]

摘　　要：试验探讨3种香蕉茎叶青贮饲料香蕉茎叶＋4%玉米面混合青贮（第1组）、70%香蕉茎叶＋30%稻草混贮（第2组）及70%香蕉茎叶＋30%干蔗梢混贮（第3组）对云南黄牛的生长性能及肉品质的影响,并比较其优缺点。试验按日粮结构分为3组,选择体重约为200 kg的24月龄的云南黄牛18头进行育肥饲养,每组6头牛,饲养期为237 d,到期屠宰分割、采样,并分析其肉样的理化指标及化学成分。结果表明：第1组日增重和采食量均显著高于另外2组（P〈0.05）,香蕉茎叶与玉米面混合青贮育肥效果最好,饲料利用率最高,适口性也最好;3组肉样（西冷）其p H值均在4.48~5.63之间、失水率为29.36%~34.61%,属于正常情况,3组均无显著差异（P〉0.05）;剪切力3组均低于4.0 kg/cm2,其中第1组最低,为（2.22±0.35）kg/cm2,极显著低于第3组（P〈0.01）;蒸煮损失第1、2组与第3组有显著差异（P〈0.05）,3组肉颜色值均在正常范围内,肉色鲜亮,其中亮度值L＊在37.55~40.23之间;红度的a＊值均在22.42~25.10之间;第3组水分含量最高（70.24±0.60）%,显著高于第1、2组（P〈0.05）;蛋白和灰分含量均第1组最高分别为22.68%和0.98%;脂肪含量3组之间存在极显著差异（P〈0.01）。以上结果表明3种香蕉茎叶青贮饲料饲喂出的云南黄牛屠宰性能优良、肉品质良好,营养丰富,其中1组肉牛育肥效最佳,饲料利用率最高,且肉品质相对最优,说明利用玉米面与香蕉茎叶混合青贮饲料最好,本文结果可以为继续开发香蕉茎叶饲料育肥高档优质牛肉提供参考。This study aimed to discuss three kinds of banana stems and leaves silage（banana stems and leaves ＋ 4% corn flour, 70% banana stems and leaves＋30% straw, 70% banana stems and leaves＋30% sugarcane tip） on growth performance and meat quality of Yunnan cattle, then compared their advantages and disadvantages. The test is divided into three groups according to the diet structure. Select 18 head of fattening cattle whose weight is about 200 kg and age at 24 months for breeding. Each group has six cattle with feeding 237 d, and then slaughter segmentation, sampling, analysis its physical and chemical indexes and chemical compositions of the specimens. The results show that group 1 daily gain and feed intake were significantly higher than the other two groups （P〈0.05）. So feeding with the banana stems and leaves mixed with corn silage effect is best, and feed utilization rate is highest, palatability is more optimal; Three groups of meat＇s （west cold） pH is between 4.48 and 5.63, the filtration rate between 29.36% and 34.61%. Those belong to the normal situation, three groups had no significant difference （P〉0.05）; Three groups of shear force were lower than 4.0 kg/cm2, the lowest is group 1, （2.22± 0.35） kg/cm2 and it＇s significantly lower to group 3 （P〈0.01）; Cooking loss （CL） group 1, 2, and 3 had significant difference （P〈0.05）. Three groups of meat color values are normal range, within the bright color, the brightness values （L ＊） between 37.55 and 40.23; Red c values （A ＊） are between 22.42 and 25.10; Maximum moisture is group 3 at （70.24±0.60） %, which were significantly higher than group ! and group 2 （P〈0.05）; Protein and Ash content are both group 1 was highest, they were 22.68% and 0.98% respectively; Fat content exist significant differences between three groups （P〈0.01）. The above results show that the three kinds of banana stems and leaves silage feeding Yunnan yellow cattle has good slaughter performance, good beef quality and

关 键 词：香蕉茎叶 青贮 云南黄牛 生长性能 肉品质 

分 类 号：S816.35[农业科学—饲料科学]