论针灸经络研究的模式生物——“疾病动物模型学术及战略研讨会”参后  

Discussion on the Model Organism in Acupuncture and Meridians Researches

作　　者：张维波[1] 王广军[1] 田宇瑛[1] 贾术永[1] 云洁[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院针灸研究所,北京100700

出　　处：《针刺研究》2014年第6期512-514,共3页Acupuncture Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金课题(No.30840101)资助

摘　　要：使用模式生物替代人作为实验对象是针灸研究中不可缺少的重要环节。对于针灸的基础研究,模式动物的选取应考虑是否有利于揭示针灸的机制,是否与人接近、易饲养、体积和表面积较大、种系稳定和成本合理等因素。目前针灸研究中以大、小鼠的使用为多,部分实验是在体积中等的家兔和猫上进行的,大型动物如小型猪的使用在近年来针灸经络的研究中逐渐增多,而与人最接近的灵长类猴子使用尚少。鼠类体积较小,猫、兔等皮软毛多,牛、马等牲畜室内饲养较困难,作为针灸经络研究的模式生物均存在一定的局限性。小型猪的体积较大,皮肤结构与人十分接近,易于饲养,猴子的基因和体型与人类最为接近,是较为理想的模式生物。由于存在着穴位和经脉的空间特异性问题,使用大型动物作为针灸经络研究的模式生物是十分必要的。Using model organism to replace human subjects for experimental objects is an important part in basic research on acupuncture therapy. In the process of experimental research, the first thing is that if the animal model is suitable for revealing the underlying mechanism of acupuncture intervention, if it is relatively close to structures of the human body. In addition, some factors such as being easy to feed, larger in the volume and body-surface, lesser in fur, stable in the germline and reasonable in the cost should be considered. In current acupuncture study, most experiments were carried out in mice and rats, some were con- ducted in rabbits and cats, fewer conducted in larger animals like mini-pigs and monkeys. Due to being smaller in both body size and superficial area in the mouse and rat, soft and comate skin in the rabbit and cat, difficult breeding for cattle and horse, experi- mental studies of acupuncture-meridians are in fact not ideal in these animals. Mini-pig has a larger body size and body surface, being similar to the human body in the skin structure and easy to breed, and the monkey is mostly close to the human in the gene and body size, and is thus an ideal model organism for acupuncture research. Because acupoint and meridians have their space specificity, the usage of larger animal as the model organism is necessary.

关 键 词：模式生物 针灸 经络 小型猪 猴子 

分 类 号：R224.1[医药卫生—中医基础理论]