四川南部地区青年脑卒中相关因素研究  

The study of risk factors of stroke in young adults in Southern Sichuan

作　　者：李宗琴[1] 陈秀[1] 荣本兵[1] 李倩妮[2] 肖兴莉 李意蝶 

机构地区：[1]泸州医学院附属医院神经内科,泸州646000 [2]泸州医学院附属医院呼吸内二科

出　　处：《中国神经精神疾病杂志》2014年第10期616-619,共4页Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases

基　　金：泸州医学院附属医院院发(编号:【2011】43号)

摘　　要：目的：调查四川南部地区青年脑卒中病因及危险因素，为该区域脑卒中防治提供理论依据。方法回顾性分析泸州医学院附属医院神经内科2009～2013年间脑卒中患者（18～44岁）398例，并随机抽取同期年龄≥45岁脑卒中425例作对照，分析病因及危险因素。结果①青年脑卒中占同期脑卒中患者的6.09%，其中缺血性卒中78.39%；男64.57%；40～44岁占58.04%。②TOAST病因分型：大动脉粥样硬化型（56.09%）、小动脉闭塞型（17.95%）、心源性（9.93%）、其他原因型（10.90%）及不明原因型（5.13%），其中青年组其他原因型及不明原因型均高于中老年组，而小动脉闭塞型低于中老年组（P＜0.05）。出血性卒中高血压性脑出血（50%），其中各型与中老年组比较（P＞0.05）。③危险因素分析：青年组中吸烟（34.92%）、高脂血症（31.41%）、饮酒（20.10%）、肥胖（13.07%）、风心病（6.03%）构成比均高于中老年组，而中老年组中高血压（66.12%）、糖尿病（20.47%）、冠心病（10.82%）构成比则明显高于青年组（P＜0.05）。结论大动脉粥样硬化型是该区域青年缺血性脑卒中最常见的分型，出血性脑卒中以高血压性最常见；最常见的危险因素为高血压、吸烟及高脂血症。Objective To investigate the etiology and risk factors of stroke in young adults from Southern Sichuan, China to provide a basis for prevention and treatment of stroke. Methods The data of 398 young patients with first-ever stroke （aged 18 to 44） admitted to department of Neurology, the Affiliated Hospital of Luzhou Medical College from 2009 to 2013 was retrospectively analyzed. Four hundred twenty-five cases of stroke （aged greater than or equal to 45） were recruited by stratified random sampling to analyze its causes and risk factors in the same period. Results ① Young stroke accounted for 6.09% of all hospitalized stroke patients in which 78.39% of young stroke was ischemic, 64.57%was male and 58.04% aged from 40 to 44. ② According to TOAST etiology classification group, the percentage of large-artery atherosclerosis, small-vessel, cardioembolism, other determined and undetermined reasons were 56.09%, 17.95%, 9.93%, 10.90% and 5.13% in young stroke, respectively. Compared with the elderly group, other determined and undetermined reasons were higher, and the small-vessel was lower in young stroke （P〈0.05）. Hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage accounted for 50%of Hemorrhage in young group, and the type of Hemorrhage between two groups was no statistically significant.（P〉0.05）.③ Risk factors analysis revealed that the constituent ratio of smoking （34.92%）, hyperlipidemia （31.41%）, alcohol （20.10%）, obesity （13.07%）, rheumatic heart disease （6.03%） in youth group were higher whereas hypertension（66.12%）, diabetes（20.47%）and coronary heart disease（10.82%）were lower in young stroke compared with the elderly group （P〈0.05）. Conclusion ①Large-artery atherosclerosis is the most common etiology of youth ischemic stroke. ② Hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage is the most frequent type in Hemorrhagic stroke. ③ Hypertension, smoking and hyperlipidemia are the most common risk factors to stroke.

关 键 词：脑卒中 青年 病因 危险因素 

分 类 号：R743.3[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]