福建山美水库表层沉积物不同形态硅分布特征及其环境意义  

Distribution characteristics and environmental significance of different silicon forms in surface sediments of Shanmei Reservoir

作　　者：易成国 郭沛涌[1,2] 路丁[1,2] 陈佳美[1] 滕聪[1] 王亚茹[1] 

机构地区：[1]华侨大学化工学院环境科学与工程系,福建厦门361021 [2]华侨大学环境与资源技术研究所,福建厦门361021

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2015年第1期211-217,共7页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(20777021);福建省自然科学基金项目(2010J01043;D0610012);泉州市科技计划项目(2012Z85)

摘　　要：采用Tessier连续提取法研究了亚热带典型山区深水水库-福建泉州山美水库沉积物中不同形态硅（可交换离子态硅[IEF-Si]、碳酸盐结合态硅[CF-Si]、铁锰氧化物结合态硅[IMOF-Si]和有机硫化态硅[OSF-Si]）的时空分布特征及其环境意义.结果表明,山美水库平水期、丰水期、枯水期表层沉积物中不同形态硅总含量分别为3043.50～4414.24,2711.17～3676.89,3198.44～4444.28mg/kg平水期＞枯水期＞丰水期;其空间分布特征为：库尾区＞水库中部区＞近坝区＞入库区.该水库中IEF-Si和CF-Si相对含量少,活性大.虽然可交换态硅的含量较少,其释放潜能有可能对水生生态系统营养状况及初级生产产生影响;CF-Si对环境因子尤其是pH值特别敏感;IMOF-Si和OSF-Si相对含量高,IMOF-Si可能是山美水库硅补充的最主要途径;而OSF-Si是比较稳定形态的硅,其分布规律与受不同时期沉积下来的沉积物类型和环境影响有关.平水期、丰水期CF-Si与IMOF-Si呈显著正相关关系（P＜0.05,r=0.728;P＜0.05,r=0.672）,丰水期、枯水期IMOF-Si与OSF-Si均呈显著正相关关系（P =0.05,r=0.757;P ＜0.01,r=0.832）.Tessie＇s sequential extraction method was used to analyze different forms of silicon （IEF-Si, CF-Si, IMOF-Si and OSF-Si） in surface sediments from a subtropical mountain deepwater reservoir-Shame Reservoir in Quanzhou City, and their temporal and spatial distribution were investigated. Total concentrations of silicon in surface sediments ranged in 3043.50-4414.24, 2711.17-3676.89, 3198.44-4444.28mg/kg in normal water period, dry season and wet season, respectively. Total concentrations of silicon in surface sediments of this reservoir from high to low was as follows： tail zone of reservoir, central zone of reservoir, near-dam zone, storage zone. IEF-Si and CF-Si accounted for a small proportion of total silicon, but they were active species. Although IEF-Si content was low, its potential release was likely to impact the trophic state of aquatic ecosystem and the primary production. CF-Si was sensitive to environmental factors, especially pH. The percentages of IMOF-Si and OSF-Si were much larger than those of other two forms. Mobility of IMOF-Si was probably the main way to supply Si in the Shanmei Reservoir. OSF-Si was relatively stable and its distribution was linked with the sediment type and environmental. The concentrations of CF-Si and IMOF-Si were positively correlated during normal water period （P〈0.05,r=0.728） and wet season （P〈0.05,r=0.672）. The concentrations of IMOF-Si and OSF-Si also had significantly positive correlation in wet season （P〈0.05,r=0.757） and dry season （P〈0.01,r=0.832）, respectively.

关 键 词：山区深水水库 表层沉积物 硅形态 时空分布 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]