启蒙主义传统与“食色性也者”传统——论莫言与鲁迅创作思想之不同  

Traditions of the Enlightenment and“Food and Sex as Human Nature”——A Discussion of the Differences between Mo Yan's and Lu Xun's Literary Ideas

作　　者：姜玉琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学文学研究院,上海200083

出　　处：《中国文学研究》2015年第1期102-106,126,共6页Research of Chinese Literature

摘　　要：不少研究者认为莫言与鲁迅是属于同一精神谱系内的创作,即鲁迅是莫言的精神和思想的榜样。总体说来,莫言对鲁迅是有所继承的,但这种继承主要是建立在对鲁迅思想中的两个关键词——"启蒙者"、"国民性"之误读基础上的:莫言先是用每个人都有的性格缺点、阴暗心理解构了"启蒙者"的存在,继而又用潜存于人体内的"动物性"取代了"国民性",从而把鲁迅在"五四"时期所开创的启蒙主义传统,悄无声息地改写成了"食色性也者"的创作传统。因此说,与其说莫言是鲁迅创作思想的继承、发扬者,不如说是叛逆、断裂者更为合适。Many researchers believe that the creations of Mo Yah and Lu Xun are in the same spiritual tradition, that is to say Lu Xun is a model for Mo Yan in terms of spirits and thoughts. Roughly speaking, Mo Yan does carry on something from Lu Xun, however his inheritance is mainly based on his misunderstandings of two core words in Lu Xun＇s literary ideas which are ＂enlightener＂ and ＂national character＂. Mo Yah first deconstructs the ＂enlightener＇s＂ existence through analysizing shortcomings and dark sides of human beings , and then replaces ＂national character＂ with ＂animality＂ hidden in human body, thus quietly changes the tradition of the enlightenment that Lu Xun had set up in the May Fourth Movement in 1919 into the tradition concerning ＂food and sex as human nature＂. So, it is more adequate to say that Mo Yan is a rebel or a breaker rather than a inheritor or a forward-carrier of Lu Xun＇s literary ideas.

关 键 词：鲁迅 莫言 启蒙者 国民性 老百姓 动物性 

分 类 号：I206.7[文学—中国文学]