浅析卫生监督检查覆盖率计算中分母的选择  

An initial analysis on how to select the denominator of health supervision coverage

作　　者：张蓓蕾[1] 张帆[1] 马莎[2] 匡圆[1] 谢洪彬[1] 胡兵[1] 王晖 张琪 陈刚[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海市卫生局卫生监督所,上海200031 [2]复旦大学公共卫生学院,上海200032 [3]国家卫生计生委卫生和计划生育监督中心,北京100007

出　　处：《中国卫生监督杂志》2014年第6期542-546,共5页Chinese Journal of Health Inspection

基　　金：卫生监督中心"卫生监督管理指标目录编制"资助项目

摘　　要：目的探索卫生监督检查覆盖率计算中分母的选择。方法专家讨论(头脑风暴)法和模拟数据计算法。结果监督检查覆盖率的分子即实际监督检查户数,它是一个时期数,涵盖在整个统计期限(通常为1年)内,而分母卫生监督管理对象数却是一个需要在特定时点计算的指标。对应于户数的增减变化而言,总户数有多种计算方法,可有"最大"、"最小"、"平均"、"时点"和"时段"5种计算方式。选择不同的分母计算的监督检查覆盖率不同,通过模拟计算相差可达20%。结论在运用相对数(如监督检查覆盖率)说明问题时要正确地选择分母,赋予其明确、正确的含义。为了深入地说明问题,在利用相对数时,需要与绝对数结合运用,进行分析。Objective To explore the way how to calculate the denominator of health supervision and inspection coverage. Methods Brainstorming method and the calculation method of analog data were used in this study. Results The numerator of the health supervision and inspection fraction of coverage is equal to the actual number of the health supervision and inspection, which is a period number during a specific time, usually for one year. However, the denominator of the health supervision and inspection fraction of coverage, the object of the health supervision and management, is a number on a specific time. Compare with the change of the household, there were many methods to calculate the total households, including the statistics of the large number, the statistics of the minimum number, the statistics of the average number. Calculating the health supervision and inspection fraction of coverage using the different denominator will be different, the difference may 20%. Conclusion The most important thing to use the relative number explain the matters was to correctly choose the denominator, and give it an accurate definition. To further explaining the problems, it＇s better to apply the relative number combine with the absolute number.

关 键 词：监督检查 覆盖率 分母 

分 类 号：R194[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]