牺首鼎的年代及相关问题  

The Dates of the Bronze Animal Head Ding-tripods and Relevant Issues

作　　者：张爱冰[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽大学历史系,合肥市230039

出　　处：《考古》2015年第1期80-91,共12页Archaeology

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目"群舒文化比较研究"(12BKG007)的资助

摘　　要：20世纪50年代以来，在江淮和皖南沿长江地区，一种造型独特且形态基本一致的铜牺首鼎在多个地点出土，令人瞩目。因此，在讨论江淮等地区的青铜文化发展进程中，牺首鼎及其所标志的族群与文化自不能为我们所忽略。Since the 1950s, from the burials of the Zhou Dynasty located in the Jianghuai （the area between the Yangtze and Huai Rivers） and the area in southern Anhui Province to the south of the Yangtze River, totally eight uniquely- shaped bronze animal head dJng-tripods have been unearthed. Through the comparative analyses of the new-discovered bronzes from Jianghuai area and peripheral areas, this paper pointed out that the popular period of the bronze animal head ding-tripods in the Jianghuai area, would be around the late Western Zhou Dynasty to the early Spring-and-Autumn Period. The distribution scope of the bronze animal head ding-tripods could be defined as to the south of the Huai River, the east of Dabie Mountains, the west of Chao Lake and the southern Anhui along the south bank of the Yangtze River. The shape of the animal head drag-tripod would be the integration of that of the xizun （animal-shaped zun-vessel）,yi-pourer-shaped ding-tripod, yi-pourer with dragon-shaped handle and ding-tripod with side ears, which is the amalgamation of the cultural elements from the Central Plains, the upper reach of the Huai River, the valleys of Yi and Shu Rivers and the aboriginal one of the Jianghuai area and the innovation out of them. The bronze culture with the assemblage of the animal head ding-tripod, he-pitcher with curved handle and li-cauldron with angled shoulder as the main content would be created by the Shu ethnic group living in the Jianghuai area; the animal head ding-tripods unearthed at Jiunudun, Gaozhuang and Potang and the Pottery animal mask ding-tripods unearthed in Jiangxi and Zhejiang Provinces would belong to different cultural traditions.

关 键 词：江淮地区 牺首鼎 西周晚期至春秋早期 群舒文化 

分 类 号：K876.41[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]