激活的小胶质细胞在大鼠视网膜缺血再灌损伤模型中的作用  

Role of activated microglia in retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury of rats

作　　者：李娟娟[1] 李燕[1] 汤志伟[2] 

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学第一附属医院眼科,云南省昆明市650031 [2]昆明医科大学第一附属医院神经外科,云南省昆明市650031

出　　处：《眼科新进展》2015年第1期9-14,共6页Recent Advances in Ophthalmology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(编号:81360204)~~

摘　　要：目的探讨活化的小胶质细胞在视网膜缺血再灌注损伤过程中的作用。方法前房灌注法建立视网膜缺血再灌注动物模型,在损伤发生后2 h、12 h、24 h、48 h、72 h,采用免疫组织化学染色方法检测特异性抗原标志物CD68的表达,观察活化小胶质细胞的分布、活化程度等,同时观察相应时间点的视网膜超微结构变化。结果对照组中视网膜小胶质细胞主要位于神经节细胞层。缺血再灌注损伤后2 h组视网膜小胶质细胞的分布部位、表达量等基本与对照组相同;缺血再灌注损伤后12 h组视网膜中CD68+细胞表达增多,内丛状层可见阳性细胞。缺血再灌注损伤后24 h组CD68+细胞表达明显增多,部分向视网膜外层迁移。缺血再灌注损伤后48 h组进入视网膜外层的CD68+细胞多数出现于视网膜内丛状层、内核层、外丛状层。缺血再灌注损伤后72 h组活化小胶质细胞数量达到最高水平。视网膜超微结构显示:缺血再灌注损伤后12 h组开始出现损伤表现,视网膜神经节细胞间隙扩大、光感受器细胞外节膜盘疏松变形、可见散在小胶质细胞;缺血再灌注损伤后24 h组病变继续加重,小胶质细胞数量明显增多;缺血再灌注损伤后72 h组病变继续加重,视网膜神经节细胞数量明显减少,细胞核膜肿胀溶解,细胞器溶解,大鼠视网膜神经节细胞层内可见凋亡小体、小胶质细胞,证明了小胶质细胞对光感受器的损伤作用。结论视网膜缺血再灌注损伤出现明显小胶质细胞活化,活化的小胶质细胞在视网膜超微结构的损伤中发挥着重要作用。Objective To discuss the role of activated microglia in retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods Retinal ischemia reperfusion animal model was established by anterior chamber perfusion .immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of CD68 after 2 hours , 12 hours .24 hours.48 hours ,72 hours of the injury,the distribution and activated degree of activated microglia were observed, and the retinal ultrastructure was also observed. Results The microglia were mainly located in the ganglion cell layer in normal control group. In the group of 2 hours after injury,the distribution and the expression of the microglia were similar with the normal control group. In the group of 12 hours after injury, the number of CD68^＋ cells increased,positive cells could be observed in the inner plexiform layer. In the group of 24 hours after injury, CD68 ^＋ cells were significantly increased and migrated to the outer retina. In the group of 48 hours after injury ,CD68^ ＋ cells could be observed in the inner nuclear layer, outer plexiform layer of the retina. In the group of 72 hours after injury, the number of activated microglia reached the highest level. Ultrastructure damage began to appear after 12 hours of the injury , the gap between the retinal ganglion cells expanded , the outer segment membrane of the photoreceptor became loose . some nucroglia could be observed;ln the group of 24 hours after injury , the gap between the retinal ganglion cells continued to expand and the number reduced. the outer segment membrane of photoreceptor deformed, fractured. swelled, the number of microglia significantly increased. In the group of 72 hours after injury , the lesions continued to increase. the number of retinal ganglion cells significantly reduced,membrane swelled and organelles dissolved. The apoptotic bodies could be observed in the layer of retinal ganglion cells,phagosome in the microglia was a direct proof of the damage of the microglia to light receptors. Conclusion The activated microglia appears in t

关 键 词：视网膜小胶质细胞 缺血再灌注损伤 CD68 电镜 免疫组织化学 

分 类 号：R774.1[医药卫生—眼科]