氮缺乏条件下小球藻碳水化合物与脂肪酸的合成规律研究  

SYNTHESIS PATTERNS OF CARBOHYDRATE AND FATTY ACID UNDER NITROGEN STARVATION IN MICROALGAE Chlorella zofingiensis

作　　者：黄伟[1,2] 朱顺妮[1] 王忠铭[1] 许瑾[1] 袁振宏[1] 彭万峰[3] 王学伟[3] 李荣清[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州能源研究所,中国科学院可再生能源与天然气水合物重点实验室,广州510640 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]中国科学院广州能源研究所佛山三水能源环境技术创新与育成中心,佛山528137 [4]江苏省生物质能与酶技术重点实验室(淮阴师范学院),淮安223300

出　　处：《太阳能学报》2014年第12期2559-2564,共6页Acta Energiae Solaris Sinica

基　　金：广东省自然科学基金(10451007006006001);国家自然科学基金(31100189);国家科技支撑计划(2011BAD14B03);江苏省生物质能与酶技术重点实验室开放课题(JSBEET1223)

摘　　要：以小球藻Chlorella zofingiensis为研究对象,分析其体内两个次级代谢产物(脂肪酸和碳水化合物)在氮缺乏条件下的合成规律。研究结果表明,氮缺乏时C.zofingiensis在2 d内仍能继续生长,伴随着叶绿素含量的急剧下降。细胞的最初响应是在1 d内大量合成碳水化合物,含量从初始的48.4%增至66.9%,之后碳水化合物部分降解,而脂肪酸持续增长,含量从最初的6.2%增至24.5%。此外,研究还发现氮缺乏后饱和脂肪酸和单不饱和脂肪酸含量增大,而多不饱和脂肪酸含量有所减小。推测碳水化合物可能作为短期应急响应用于藻从逆境中快速恢复,而随着胁迫的延长,藻倾向于积累能量密度更高的脂肪作为长期储能物质。The synthesis patterns of two major secondary metabolites, fatty acids and carbohydrates, under nitrogen- starvation stress in green microalgae Chlorella zofingiensis were analyzed. The results showed that cells of C. zofingiensis could still grow in the first two days by nitrogen starvation, accompanied by a rapid decrease of chlorophyll content. The initial response of the cells to nitrogen starvation was considerable carbohydrate synthesis within one day, with the content from 48.4% of dry weight to 66.9% of dry weight. Subsequently, carbohydrates were partly degraded, while fatty acids increased continuously, with the content raising from 6.2% of dry weight to 24.5% of dry weight. Moreover, after nitrogen starvation, the content of saturated and mono-unsaturated fatty acids increased whereas the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased. It was suggested that carbohydrates probably served as a short-term urgent response for microalgae to quickly recover from stress, however, with the extension of stress, microalgae tended to accumulate fatty acids with higher energy density as a kind of long-term energy storage.

关 键 词：小球藻 氮缺乏 碳水化合物 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：Q93[生物学—微生物学] TK6[动力工程及工程热物理—生物能]