不同性别、城乡、教育水平中国人的精神障碍风险特征分析  

Analysis for mental disorder risk feature of gender, urban-rural, and educational level in Chinese people

作　　者：张理义[1] 张晋[2] 孔令明[1] 张其军 陶凤燕 马爱国[5] 刘云[6] 高玉芳 涂德华[8] 

机构地区：[1]解放军第102医院全军心理疾病防治中心 [2]江苏大学临床医学院 [3]92919部队医院心理科 [4]南通市崇川区体臣卫校 [5]海军指挥学院卫勤系 [6]阜阳市第三人民医院精神科 [7]常州市妇幼保健院护理部 [8]马鞍山市中心医院精神科

出　　处：《中华临床医师杂志（电子版）》2014年第21期77-80,共4页Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition)

基　　金：军队心理卫生应用性科研课题专项课题(12XLZ216)

摘　　要：目的探讨中国不同性别、城乡、教育水平人群精神障碍风险的特征,为各人群精神障碍的预防和干预提供参考。方法采用随机整群抽样法,在全国18省市分层抽取健康人13 080人,发放中国精神疾病预测量表收集数据,采用SPSS 17.0进行统计学处理。分别进行描述性统计分析、独立样本t检验。结果 (1)女性心理防御不良、精神病性、抑郁、神经症、应激源、人格偏移、个性内向、成长经历因子分显著高于男性(P<0.05)。(2)城市人群人格偏移、躁狂的因子分显著高于乡镇人群(P<0.05)。(3)高中及以上文化程度人群心理防御不良、精神病性、抑郁、神经症、应激源、人格偏移、个性内向、躁狂、成长经历因子分显著低于初中及以下文化程度人群(P<0.05)。结论中国不同人群的精神障碍特征存在差异,个体性别、城乡、文化程度的差异可表现出不同的精神障碍风险特征。Objective To investigate the risk feature of mental disorders in Chinese who had different gender and different education level, came from different urban and rural. To provide reference for the prevention and intervention of mental disorders in the population. Methods In eighteen provinces, 13 080 healthy people were selected by using stratified cluster random sampling method. They were provided with China positive beliefs scale and China sleep disturbance scale. Data was analyzed by SPSS 17.0. Statical processing contained descriptive statistics, independent sample t test. Results （1）The score of female was significantly higher than that of male in unhealthy psychological defense, psychosis, depression, neurosis, stressor, personality deviation, personality growth experience factor （P〈0.05）. （2）The factor score of city population was significantly higher than that of rural population （P〈0.05） in personality deviation, mania. （3）The factor score of high school graduated was significantly lower than that of junior high school educated in the unhealthy psychological defense, psychosis, depression, neurosis, stressor, personality-deviation, introversion, mania （P〈0.05）. Conclusion There exists differences in the characteristics of mental disorders in Chinese. Individual differences in gender, urban and rural, educational degree also result in different characteristics of mental disorders.

关 键 词：精神障碍 特征 不同人群 中国人 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]