单轴压缩状态下饱水裂隙片岩超声试验研究  

ULTRASONIC TESTS ON SCHIST WITH SATURATED FRACTURES UNDER UNIAXIAL COMPRESSION

作　　者：宋战平[1,2] 王军祥[3] 姜谙男[3] 刘新荣[1,4] 张学钢[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学土木工程学院,陕西西安710055 [2]中国铁建大桥工程局集团有限公司,天津300308 [3]大连海事大学道路与桥梁工程研究所,辽宁大连116026 [4]重庆大学土木工程学院,重庆400030

出　　处：《岩石力学与工程学报》2014年第12期2377-2383,共7页Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51079010)

摘　　要：超声波波速作为一种无损检测手段，对岩石、岩体工程的损伤和破裂过程预测有一定的意义。从声波波速的角度出发，测试无受力和受力状态下干燥、饱水裂隙片岩的纵波波速，研究饱水天然裂隙片岩的波速特性及在压缩全过程中波速随应变的变化规律，探讨超声波特性与岩石损伤和失稳、破坏间的关系。研究结果表明：在未受力条件下，饱水试件比干燥试件的波速有明显的增加，平行裂隙波速V？饱水前后的增量在0.928%～15.357%范围内，垂直裂隙波速V⊥饱水前后的增量在20.042%～113.362%范围内，饱水前后波速的变化呈现出一定的分散性；垂直裂隙的波速V⊥比平行裂隙上的波速V？受水的影响明显，垂直裂隙方向上的岩石饱水波速较天然波速增加均在2倍以上，而平行裂隙上饱水岩石的波速变化小，岩石各向异性弱化。在压缩过程中，干燥和饱水裂隙片岩垂直裂隙方向波速V⊥在压密及线弹性阶段均表现出非线性的特性，在应力峰值点，岩石超声波波速急剧降低，岩石裂隙扩展明显。相比于垂直裂隙方向声波的变化，平行裂隙方向的波速V？只有在峰值应力处，波速有个跌落，但饱水状态下V？表现出一定波动性。In this study,the longitudinal wave velocities of schist specimens with saturated and dry fractures under loading and unloading conditions were measured,so that the variations and characteristics of wave velocity of saturated schist with fractures in the whole process of compression were obtained and relationship between wave velocity with the rock damage and failure were established. The wave velocities of the saturated specimen without loading were found to be significantly higher than those of dry specimen. The wave velocities V？ parallel to cracks increased from 0.928%to 15.357%upon saturation,and the wave velocities V⊥ perpendicular to cracks increased from 20.042% to 113.362% upon saturation. The wave velocities V⊥ perpendicular to cracks were affected more evidently than those parallel to cracks. Under compression , the acoustic wave velocities perpendicular to cracks V⊥for both the schist specimens with the dry and saturated fractures were nonlinear in the elastic stage or the compression process and dropped drastically at the point of peak stress indicating the cracks were developed. While for dry specimens,the wave velocities V？ parallel to cracks were reduced suddenly only at 〈br〉 the peak point. For the saturated specimens,the wave velocities V？ parallel to cracks undulated.

关 键 词：岩石力学 饱水状态 天然裂隙 声波波速 水压力 

分 类 号：TU452[建筑科学—岩土工程]