野大豆与栽培大豆愈伤组织耐盐性比较  

Salinity tolerance comparison for the calli of wild and cultivated soybeans

作　　者：赵忠娟[1] 魏艳丽[1] 李哲[1] 吴晓青[1] 李纪顺[1] 杨合同[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]山东省科学院中日友好生物技术研究中心,山东省应用微生物重点实验室,山东济南250014 [2]山东理工大学生命科学学院,山东淄博250049

出　　处：《山东科学》2015年第1期102-108,共7页Shandong Science

基　　金：国际科技合作项目(2011DFA30990)

摘　　要：野大豆(Glycine soja)是唯一能与栽培大豆(Glycine max)杂交而后代能育的野生近缘种,具有极强的耐盐碱性,利用野大豆与栽培大豆有性杂交,结合离体组织培养技术,进行耐盐性变异体的离体筛选,是提高大豆耐盐性的一种有效途径。本研究选择5种栽培大豆品种和从黄河三角洲地区(山东东营)获得的野大豆,进行了大豆成熟胚愈伤组织诱导及愈伤组织耐盐性研究。结果显示,不同浓度Na Cl胁迫下,野大豆愈伤组织的存活率明显高于栽培大豆,与对照相比鲜重下降幅度明显低于栽培大豆;Na Cl胁迫下,野大豆愈伤组织的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性明显高于栽培大豆愈伤组织,MDA含量明显低于栽培大豆,表明野大豆愈伤组织耐盐性明显优于栽培大豆。该研究为耐盐大豆新品种培育提供了理论依据。Glycine soja is the only wild relative which can cross-fertilize cultivated soybean （ Glycine max） and deliver fertile offspring. It has very strong salinity tolerance capability. Salt tolerance variant screening that is performed through sexual hybridization of wild and cultivated soybeans and tissue culture technology in vitro is an effective path to improve salt tolerance of soybean. We address induction and salinity tolerance of the calli of soybean mature embryo through the selection of five cultivated soybeans and wild soybean （Dongying 1）. Results show that the survival rate of the wild soybean calliis remarkably higher than that of cultivated soybean calli, and that the descent range of the fresh weight of wild soybean calliis much lower than that of cultivated soybean calli for different concentrations NaCI stress. The superoxide dismutase and peroxida seactivities of the wild soybean calii are significantly higher than that of cultivated soybean calli. The malondialdehyde content of wild soybean calliis noticeably lower than that of cultivated soybean calli under NaCI stress. These indicate that the salinity tolerance of wild soybean caltiis significantly superior to cultivated soybean calli, which provides a theoretical reference for the cultivation of new species salt tolerance soybean.

关 键 词：野大豆 栽培大豆 愈伤组织 盐胁迫 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]