电动汽车非接触充电负载自适应控制方法  

A Self-Adaptive Control for Contactless Charging Load of Electric Vehicles

作　　者：曾爽[1] 刘秀兰[1] 李香龙[1] 迟忠君[1] 陈建树[1] 

机构地区：[1]国网北京市电力公司电力科学研究院,北京市丰台区100075

出　　处：《电网技术》2015年第2期375-379,共5页Power System Technology

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAG10B00)~~

摘　　要：在电动汽车电磁感应式非接触充电系统中,电能接收端电路需要恒定的等效负载以保证系统运行在最大效率点。为此,针对电动汽车在恒流或恒压的充电模式中充电功率实时变化导致等效电阻无法保持恒定的问题,提出一种电磁感应式非接触充电负载自适应控制方法:该方法基于恒流恒压充电方式,通过制定参数初始匹配和负载自适应调节2个阶段的控制策略,将电池的充电电压、电流以及功率进行离散化分段控制;通过改变三相整流装置输出电压,间接改变非接触充电电能转换装置的输出电压,实现充电功率的实时变化;基于直流降压电路输入端电压和电流的比值,通过实时改变占空比信号,以保持电能接收端等效负载不变。该方法在兼顾电池充电时间和安全性的基础上,确保系统工作在最大效率点。通过算例验证了所提方法的正确性和可行性。In contactless electromagnetic-inductive charging system for electric vehicles （EV） the circuit connected to electric energy receiving end needs a constant equivalent load to ensure the system operated at the maximum efficiency point, in allusion to the problem that the equivalent resistance cannot be kept constant during real-time change of the charging power under the constant voltage/constant current charging mode for EV, an adaptive control method of contactless electromagnetic-inductive charging load is proposed. Based on constant voltage/constant current charging mode, by means of drafting a control strategy with two stages, namely the initial matching of parameters and the adaptive regulation of load, the discretized segmented control is applied tO the charging voltage and current as well as the power of the battery; through changing output voltage of three-phase rectifying device, the output voltage of contactless charging electric energy conversion device is indirectly changed to implement the real-time change of the charging power; based on the ratio of battery charging voltage to charging current in DC step-down circuit, the duty ratio signal is changed in real-time to make the equivalent load at the electric energy receiving end kept constant. On the basis of considering both battery charging time and safety, the proposed method can ensure the charging system operated at the maximum efficiency point. The correcmess and feasibility of the proposed method are validated by simulation results of the example.

关 键 词：电动汽车 非接触充电 电磁感应 最大效率点 自适应控制 

分 类 号：TM721[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]