近30 a新疆达坂城风区大风特征及其变化规律  

Gale and Its Change in Dabancheng,Xinjiang in Recent 30 Years

作　　者：曹兴[1] 万瑜[1] 陆辉[2] 魏文寿[2] 贾健[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆乌鲁木齐市气象局,新疆乌鲁木齐830000 [2]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2015年第1期116-122,共7页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：科技部公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201106007);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项(IDM201201);新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源实验室开放基金(XJDX0909-2012-17);新疆维吾尔自治区气象局青年基金项目(201132)共同资助

摘　　要：利用新疆达坂城风区1981—2010年的逐月大风日数、平均风速、风向等资料,运用线性回归分析其大风年、季、月的时间变化特征及趋势,同时利用Mann-Kendall突变检验及小波分析法,对大风进行突变和周期特征分析。结果表明:近30 a来,大风日数呈显著的减少趋势,倾向率为-31.3 d·(10a)-1,其中夏季减少速度最快;平均风速减小倾向率为-0.55 m·s-1·(10a)-1,2002年后风速开始明显减小,秋季平均风速减小趋势最为显著;风区主导风向为偏西风(WNW、W)和东南风(SE、SSE),随时间的变化,由春季的偏西风转为冬季的东南风;大风日数、平均风速分别在1997年和2001年出现突变性减少(减小),在不同时段内均存在多个振荡周期,但4 a左右的高频振荡周期一致性较好。In this paper,the annual,seasonal and monthly changes of the gale days in Dabancheng,a windy region in Xinjiang,China during the period of 1981- 2010 were analyzed based on the data of monthly gale days,mean wind speed and wind direction using the linear regression analysis,Mann-Kendall test and wavelet analysis.The results were that the gale days were in a significant decrease in the study area in recent 30 years,the decrease rate was- 31. 3 d·（ 10a）^-1,especially in summer; the average wind speed was decreased by- 0. 55 m·s^- 1·（ 10a）^-1,and the wind speed was in a significant decrease from 2002,especially in autumn. The prevailing wind directions in the study area were WNW,W,SE and SSE,and they were different in different seasons. A sharp decrease of the gale days and mean wind speed occurred in 1997 and 2001 respectively,and there were the multiple oscillation periods of the gale days in the study area.

关 键 词：大风日数 年际变化 风速 风向 突变分析 周期 达坂城 新疆 

分 类 号：P425[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]