高铁车辆横向振动耦合机制及其减振技术对策  

Lateral vibration coupling mechanism of high-speed rolling stocks and damping technical countermeasure

作　　者：朴明伟[1] 李明星[1] 赵强[1] 兆文忠[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连交通大学机械工程学院,大连116028

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2015年第3期83-92,107,共11页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2009BAG12A01);科技部国际合作项目(2010DFB80050);铁道部计划项目(2011J013-B);西南交通大学开放课题(TPL1102)

摘　　要：结合欧系车辆转向架技术创新特点,提出一种基于刚柔耦合仿真技术的车下质量橡胶吊挂优化设计方法。横向振动耦合机制是指以二系横向悬挂构成车体对走行部接口传递媒介的横向高频振动耦合机制,且具有抗蛇行高频阻抗、车体摇头大阻尼和"无纵梁无骨架"铝合金车体3大特殊性。因而整装车体下部1阶横向弯曲模态振动将对车体技术服役寿命30年造成十分严重的负面影响。对于车下质量橡胶吊挂来讲,比例阻尼是抑制车下质量横向振动的积极因素之一,而对中部地板横向加速度则具有极值特征,即比例阻尼取0.5%,其全频域(RMS)3σ最小。也应当注意到上述减振技术的局限性,即在走行部非常工况下,较大的车下质量存在横向耦合振动的可能性,进而造成自重楔紧失效。According to the innovative technique features of high-speed bogies for European vehicles,an optimized design methodology for rubber suspensions of under-floor masses was proposed based on rigid-flex coupling simulation techniques.Lateral vibration coupling mechanism is the coupling mechanism of lateral high-frequency vibrations caused by the lateral secondary suspensions for the coach body relative to running gears,with three particular features of anti-hunting high-frequency impedance,higher damping of coach yaw and aluminum-alloy coach without longerons and skeletons.The modal vibrations of 1 st order lateral bending mode of the coach had very negative impacts on the technical specifications of 30-year life-time.For the rubber suspensions of under-floor masses,its proportional damping is one of active factors in suppressing the lateral vibrations of under-floor masses.But there is an optimal value for the lateral acceleration of the middle floor,i.e.,the minimum value of （RMS）3σin a full frequency-band could be achieved when the proportional damping is 0.5.Meanwhile,the limitation of the above damping technique should be paid much attention to,i.e.,it is possible that the lateral coupling vibrations of under-floor masses may occur under abnormal conditions of running gears.

关 键 词：高铁车辆 横向振动耦合机制 车下质量 橡胶吊挂 比例阻尼 刚柔耦合仿真 

分 类 号：U266.4[机械工程—车辆工程]