母乳中多种重金属元素的原子吸收光谱法测定  

Determination of heavy metal elements in breast milk by atomic absorption spectrometry

作　　者：林凯[1] 张慧敏[1] 姜杰[1] 李瑞园[1] 张建清[1] 

机构地区：[1]深圳市疾病预防控制中心,广东深圳518055

出　　处：《实用预防医学》2015年第2期133-136,共4页Practical Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家科技部863项目(2011AA060605);深圳市科创委项目(JCYJ20130329103949643)

摘　　要：目的建立母乳中铅、镉、铬、铜、汞五种元素的原子吸收光谱测定方法,了解深圳市50份母乳重金属污染水平。方法采用高压密闭消解母乳样品,用原子吸收光谱法测定母乳中铅、镉、铬、铜、汞含量,通过精密度实验、回收率实验和测定标准物质验证该方法的准确性。用本法测得深圳市50份母乳样品中五种重金属含量。结果在设定的最佳测试条件下,各元素的标准曲线线性关系良好,标准溶液的RSD为1.07%~3.28%,母乳加标回收率为94.2%~110.2%,用该方法测定标准物质GBW10017奶粉和GBW10051猪肝,结果测定值在标准值范围内。深圳市50份母乳样品中铅、镉、铬、铜、汞平均水平分别为〈2.0、〈1.0、1.5、328、0.8μg/L。结论本实验测定方法简单易行,准确可靠,适用于母乳中重金属元素的测定;与国际原子能机构调查报告值比较,深圳市母乳中铅、镉和汞的污染水平低,铬含量处于报告上限临界值,铜含量略超出报告值范围。Objective To establish a method to determine the contents of Pb,Cd,Cr,Cu and Hg in breast milk by atomic absorption spectrometry（ AAS）,to investigate the heavy metal pollution levels of 50 samples of breast milk in Shenzhen City.Methods Breast milk samples were digested with high pressure closed vessels,and AAS was used to determine the contents of the 5 heavy metals. The accuracy of the method was validated through precision experiment,recovery rate experiment and standard substance determination. AAS was used to determine the contents of the 5 heavy metals in 50 samples of breast milk in Shenzhen City. Results Under the optimum determination condition,the method for the assay of each element exhibited a good linearity. The relative standard deviations were 1. 07%- 3. 28%,and the recoveries of standard addition were 94. 2 %- 110. 2 %.The assay results of the standard GBW10017 milk powder and GBW10051 pork liver using the method showed that the determination values were in the standard range. The average levels of Pb,Cd,Cr,Cu and Hg in 50 samples of breast milk were 〈2. 0μg / L, 〈1. 0μg / L,1. 5μg / L,328μg / L and 0. 8μg / L,respectively. Conclusions This method is simple,practicable,accurate and reliable,and it is suitable for determining heavy metal elements in breast milk. Compared with the reported values from International Atomic Energy Agency,the pollution levels of Pb,Cd and Hg of breast milk in Shenzhen City are lower,the content of Cr is at upper limit critical value,but the content of Cu is beyond the range of the reported value.

关 键 词：母乳 重金属 原子吸收光谱法 

分 类 号：R155.51[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]