石砌深窄沟长期排水对冷浸田土壤C、N、P化学计量及酶活性的影响  

Nutrient Content and Enzyme Activity of Cold-waterlogged Soil in Fields with Open Drainage Ditches

作　　者：林诚[1] 王飞[1] 李清华[1] 何春梅[1] 李昱[1] 刘启鹏[2] 林丽红[2] 林新坚[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,福建福州350013 [2]福建省顺昌县农业局,福建顺昌353200

出　　处：《福建农业学报》2014年第10期1010-1014,共5页Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201003059);福建省自然科学基金项目(12101076)

摘　　要：通过连续30a的冷浸田开沟排水定位平台，研究石砌深窄沟改造冷浸田不同离沟距离的土壤 C、N、P生态化学计量学特征及土壤酶活性。结果表明，离沟5、15、25m 位点土壤，与典型冷浸田位点（离沟75m 位点，CK）相比，土壤全 C、全 P含量均呈下降趋势。离沟5、15、25m 位点土壤 C／N 值分别较 CK 降低2．56、1．03、0．91个单位，差异均显著。过氧化氢酶、转化酶活性变化趋势与 C／N 值一致，5～25m 位点二者分别较CK 降低0．3％～10．0％、36．6％～62．5％；而脲酶、酸性磷酸酶、硝酸还原酶活性与 CK 相比均呈上升趋势，且过氧化氢酶、转化酶活性随着离沟距离的增加而提高，酸性磷酸酶、硝酸还原酶则随离沟距离的增加而降低。土壤 C、N、P含量间存在显著相关性，但三者与土壤酶无显著相关，而土壤 C／N 值与脲酶、磷酸酶及硝酸还原酶呈显著相关。上述说明，C／N 值较单一的有机碳与全 N 指标更能体现土壤酶间的关系，土壤 C／N 值可作为冷浸田改造效果评价的一个参考指标。With a 30-year-old drainage ditch system in a field of cold-waterlogged soil,the ecological stoichiometrycharacteristics of C,N,P and enzyme activity of the soil was studied.The results showed that the total C,N（except for the 5 m site）and P in the soils from the 5 ,1 5 and 2 5 m sites （which were 5 ,1 5 and 2 5 m,respectively,away from the ditch）were significantly lower than those of the control （i .e.,a typical cold-waterlogged soil site,which was 7 5 m away from the ditch）.The C/N ratio of the soil at 5 ,1 5 and 2 5 m sites,reduced significantly by2.5 6 ,1.03 and 0.9 1 units,respectively.Similarly,the enzyme activities of catalase and invertase declined by 0.3 %-1 0.0% and 3 6.6 %-6 2.5 %,respectively.On the other hand,the activities of urease,phosphatase and nitrateincreased 1 1 7.6 %,3 9 3.2 % and 7 9 6.3 %,respectively,at the 5 m site.There was a significant correlation amongC,N and P,as well as between the C/N ratio and the urease,phosphatase and nitrate activities.It appeared thatthe C/N ratio could be used as an index in evaluating the transforming effect of cold-waterlogged soils.

关 键 词：石砌深窄沟 冷浸田 C N P 生态化学计量学 酶活性 

分 类 号：S158.1[农业科学—土壤学] S278[农业科学—农业基础科学]