基于视觉信息量计算的城市道路交通环境评价  

An Evaluation of Urban Traffic Environment Based on the Amount of Visual Information

作　　者：董永杰[1] 陈雨人[2] 

机构地区：[1]同济大学交通运输工程学院,上海201804 [2]同济大学道路交通安全与环境教育部工程研究中心,上海201804

出　　处：《交通信息与安全》2014年第6期146-152,共7页Journal of Transport Information and Safety

基　　金：高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(批准号:20120072110019);国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:51078270;51238008)资助

摘　　要：通过对驾驶人在城市道路交通环境下的视觉信息需求进行分析与计算,将城市道路交通环境按照信息量含义的不同进行分层,建立了基于视觉信息层级模型的信息量计算方法。在此基础上,通过实车实验提取分析数据,对信息量计算中的参数进行计算与标定,得出信息量计算模型,并以行驶速度作为城市道路交通环境的评价参数,求出速度与信息量之间的关系,最终确定信息量阈值,建立基于视觉信息量计算的城市道路交通环境评价方法。该评价方法中速度与信息量之间呈较好的幂函数关系,R2达到0.9356,只需采集城市道路驾驶人视觉图像,通过软件分析可得出图像信息量,根据关系式和道路限速可得出信息量阈值,对比分析进行交通环境评价。该方法仅需采集驾驶人视觉图像即可完成评价,方便快捷、结果准确,但在软件处理图像信息量上尚未达到智能分析处理,尚需进一步研究改进。Based on an analysis of driver＇s visual information needs in urban road traffic, urban traffic environment is stratified in accordance with different amounts of information presented to drivers. A hierarchical visual information model is used to calculate the amount of visual information. In addition, data collected by a probe vehicle are used to calculate and calibrate the parameters, and develop the above information model. Traveling speed is used as evaluation base for urban traffic environment and the relationship between speed and the amount of information presented is estimated. Finally, the information threshold is determined. The evaluation method is found to have a strong causal relationship between the speed and the amount of information, with an R2 of 0. 9356. In this method, the only input required is the images of urban roads, and the amount of information presented can be obtained through image analysis. Then, the information threshold can be obtained based on the above relationship and speed limit. Compared with other traffic environment assessment methods, this method only requires collecting images from driver＇s point of view, and therefore, it is convenient and accurate. However, the software is still not intelligent enough to process the information presented in images and, further studies are needed.

关 键 词：交通安全 视觉环境 视觉信息层级模型 行驶速度 交通环境评价 

分 类 号：U491.254[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]