熟悉性能够支持联结记忆:一体化编码的作用  

Familiarity Contributes to Associative Memory:The Role of Unitization

作　　者：郑志伟[1,2] 李娟[1] 肖凤秋[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院心理研究所心理健康重点实验室老年心理研究中心,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]北京师范大学发展心理研究所,北京100875

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2015年第2期202-212,共11页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31070916;31271108和31470998);中国科学院知识创新工程(KSCX2-EW-J-8);中国科学院创新团队国际合作伙伴计划(Y2CX131003)资助

摘　　要：双加工理论认为熟悉性和回想是支持情景记忆的两种基本加工过程。一般认为熟悉性和回想都可以支持项目记忆,但只有回想能够支持联结记忆。然而,一体化假说提出,当刺激材料在学习阶段得到一体化编码,形成一个单一、整合的表征时,熟悉性也能够支持联结记忆。以往研究主要利用实验材料的固有特征,或使用定义法、交互表象法来实现对刺激材料的一体化编码,然后通过配对联结再认范式或来源记忆范式验证一体化假说。神经成像研究发现,位于内侧颞叶的嗅周皮层能够支持编码阶段一体化表征的形成和基于熟悉性对一体化表征的提取。未来研究应克服以往研究中存在的方法学缺陷、从功能神经网络的角度考察一体化加工的脑神经机制、并注重一体化编码策略在特殊人群中的应用价值。Familiarity and recollection are two independent cognitive processes involved in recognition memory. It is traditionally believed that both familiarity and recollection can support item recognition, whereas only recollection can support associative recognition. However, the unitization hypothesis argues that familiarity can also make a contribution to associative memory when the to-be-remembered stimuli are unitized as a single unit. Here we review results from behavioral, electrophysiological and functional neuroimaging studies which all convergently show that unitization indeed induces the contribution of familiarity to the associative retrieval, and perirhinal cortex is involved in the unitized encoding processes and subsequent familiarity-based associative retrieval. Future studies need to overcome the methodological problems, to explore the brain functional network associated with unitized processes, and to use the unitized encoding strategies to improve episodic memory in selective populations.

关 键 词：一体化 熟悉性 回想 联结再认 来源记忆 嗅周皮层 

分 类 号：B842[哲学宗教—基础心理学]