3种土壤类型桑园根际与非根际微生物种群结构及代谢功能多样性分析  

Microbial Community Structure and Metabolic Function Diversity Between Rhizospheric and Non-rhizospheric Soil in Three Types of Mulberry Fields

作　　者：于翠[1] 胡兴明[1] 李欣[2] 邓文[1] 叶楚华[1] 李勇[1] 熊超[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖北省农业科学院经济作物研究所,武汉430064 [2]武汉大学生命科学学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2015年第1期28-36,共9页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31300518);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(No.CARS-22)

摘　　要：采用常规稀释平板法和Biolog Eco微平板技术,研究湖北省蚕区3种土壤类型桑园获取3种土壤类型桑园的桑树根际和非根际土壤微生物数量、种群结构与代谢功能多样性,为改善桑园土壤质量及改进桑园肥培管理提供依据。7个采样点获取3种土壤类型桑园的桑树根际细菌数量(黄棕壤土样2-2除外)、种群结构、微生物代谢活性(AWCD)、多样性指数等指标均高于非根际土壤,并且桑树根际和非根际土壤微生物均是对糖类的利用能力最强,而对胺类和其他混合物类碳源的利用能力较低。黄棕壤土样2-1检测到的桑树根际细菌数量、多样性指数、AWCD值及对氨基酸类、糖类、羧酸类碳源的利用能力高于其他桑园土壤样品,而石灰岩土样1-2检测到的桑树根际和非根际土壤的细菌与真菌数量、AWCD值最低,碳源利用主成分分析亦表明该土样采集桑园与其他土壤类型桑园间的差异较大。石灰岩土样1-1和黄棕壤土样2-1、2-2、2-3检测到的桑树根际优势菌属中均有Rhizobium,且桑树根际土壤的速效氮含量均高于其他采样点桑园土壤。相关分析表明,土壤的细菌数量与AWCD值和多样性指数两两之间达到了极显著相关(P<0.01)或显著相关水平(P<0.05),而真菌数量除与AWCD值呈正相关外,与其他各指标间均呈负相关关系。综上认为,黄棕壤土样2-1采集桑园的土壤能够为桑树的生长发育创造良好的微生态环境;石灰岩土样1-2采集桑园则应通过耕作、施肥措施为桑树创造良好的生长发育环境。The microbial quantity,community structure and metabolism functional diversity between rhizospheric and nonrhizospheric soil of three types of mulberry fields in Hubei Province were investigated using conventional isolation and culture methods and Biolog Eco plate technology to provide references for improving the quality of mulberry field soil and fertilization management. The results indicated that bacterial quantity（ except yellow-brown loam soil 2-2）,community structure, microbial activity（ AWCD） and Shannon diversity index in rhizospheric soil from seven sampling sites were higher than those in non-rhizospheric soil. Carbohydrate utilization of microbes in rhizospheric and nonrhizospheric soil of seven mulberry fields was the highest,while amines and miscellaneous utilization was lower. The bacterial quantity of rhizospheric soil,Shannon diversity index,AWCD value and the utilization ability of aminoacids,carbohydrates and carboxylic acid in yellow-brown loam soil 2-1 were higher than those in other soil samples. The bacterial and fungal quantity and AWCD value in rhizospheric and non-rhizospheric soils were the lowest in limestone soil sample 1-2. The principle component analysis of carbon source utilization indicated that there was significant difference between limestone soil sample 1-2 and other soil samples. Rhizobium was one of the dominant bacteria in limestone soil sample 1-1 and yellow-brown soil samples 2-1,2-2 and 2-3,and available N content in those mulberry rhizospheric soils were all higher than that of in soils from other sampling sites. Correlative analysis showed that bacterial quantity in soils had extremely significant（ P0. 01） or significant（ P0. 05） difference with AWCD value and Shannon diversity index.However,fungal quantity had negative correlation with all other microbial parameters except AWCD value. The above results suggest that yellow-brown loam soil 2-1 could provide good micro-ecological environment for growth and development of mulberry. Cultivation and fertili

关 键 词：桑园 根际土壤 非根际土壤 微生物种群结构 BIOLOG Eco微平板技术 微生物代谢功能多样性 

分 类 号：S154.3[农业科学—土壤学] S888.5[农业科学—农业基础科学]