胚蛋给养β-羟基-β-甲基丁酸对肉仔鸡生长性能、胴体组成和血浆激素指标的影响  

Effects of in Ovo Feeding of β-Hyroxy-β-Methylbutyrate on Growth Performance,Carcass Composition and Plasma Hormones Indexes in Broilers

作　　者：马友彪 周梁[1] 王晶[1] 张海军[1] 岳洪源[1] 武书庚[1] 齐广海[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部饲料生物技术重点开放实验室,中国农业科学院饲料研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2015年第2期588-595,共8页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金(6132027);家禽产业技术体系北京市创新团队项目(CARS-PSTP);国家科技支撑计划(2011BAD26B04)

摘　　要：β-羟基-β-甲基丁酸（ HMB）,是一种促进肌肉生长的营养补剂,本试验目的旨在探讨胚蛋给养HMB对肉仔鸡生长性能、胴体组成、肌肉品质、血浆生化和激素指标的影响。选用260枚爱拔益加（ AA）肉鸡商品代受精蛋,随机分为2个组,分别在17.5胚龄向羊膜腔内无菌注射1 mL 0.1% HMB或等量的生理盐水（对照组）。出壳后,从每个组中各选取48只体重相近健康公雏随机分成6个重复,每重复8只,饲养试验期42 d。结果表明：1）与对照组相比,胚蛋给养HMB对肉仔鸡孵化率无显著影响（ P＞0.05）,肉仔鸡的体重在1、21和42日龄时分别提高了1.9（P＜0.05）、41.8（0.05＜P＜0.10）和85.4 g（P＞0.10）；HMB组肉仔鸡的平均日增重在1～21日龄和1～42日龄均高于对照组（0.05＜P＜0.10）；HMB显著降低了肉仔鸡1～21日龄和1～42日龄的料重比（P＜0.05）。2）21日龄时,HMB组的胸肌率和腿肌率较对照组显著提高了2.4%和6.4%（ P＜0.05）,42日龄时全净膛率、胸肌率和腿肌率虽略有提高,但差异不显著（ P＞0.05）；胚蛋给养HMB对肉仔鸡的胸肉品质无显著影响（ P＞0.05）。3）胚蛋给养HMB对肉仔鸡的肝脏和免疫器官指数均无显著影响（ P＞0.05）。4）胚蛋给养HMB对肉仔鸡血浆生化指标（总蛋白、尿酸、肌酐含量）以及甲状腺激素、生长激素和胰岛素含量均无显著影响（ P＞0.05）。综合本试验结果,胚蛋给养HMB可促进雄性肉仔鸡生长前期的平均日增重和肌肉发育,随日龄增加促生长作用逐渐减弱,且促生长作用与血浆甲状腺激素、生长激素和胰岛素含量变化无关,其机理有待进一步研究。β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate （ HMB） is a nutritional supplement to promote muscle growth. The ob-jective of this study was to examine the effects of in ovo feeding （ IOF） of HMB on growth performance, car-cass composition, meat quality, plasma biochemical and hormone indexes in broilers. A total of 260 fertile eggs from Arbor Acre breeder were allotted into 2 groups by feeding embryos on day 17.5 of incubation with 1 mL saline solution in the presence or absence （ control group） of 0.1% HMB. Forty-eight male hatchlings se-lected from each group after hatch and placed in 6 replicates with 8 birds each. The experiment lasted for 42 days. The results showed as follows：1） IOF of HMB did not significantly affect the hatchability of broiler （ P〉0.05）, IOF of HMB resulted in 1.9 （P〈0.05）, 41.8 （0.05〈P〈0.10） and 85.4 g （P〉0.10） more body weight on 1, 21 and 42 days of age compared with the control group; IOF of HMB partially elevated average daily gain of broilers aged from 1 to 21 days and 1 to 42 days compared with the control group （ 0. 05〈P〈0.10）; the ratio of feed to gain of broilers aged from 1 to 21 days and 1 to 42 days was significantly reduced compared with the control group （ P〈0.05） . 2） IOF of HMB resulted in 2.4% more breast muscle （ P〈0.05） and 6.4% more leg muscle （ P〈0.05） at broilers at 21 days of age, and numerically increased dressing per-centage, breast and leg muscle percentage rate at 42 days of age （ P〉0.05） . IOF of HMB did not significantly change the meat quality of broiler at 42 days of age （ P〉0.05） . 3） IOF of HMB did not significantly affect liv-er and immune organ index of broilers （ P〉0.05） . 4） IOF of HMB had no significant effects on plasma bio-chemical indexes （ total protein, uric acid, creatinine contents） , plasma thyroid hormone, growth hormone and insulin contents （ P〉0.05） . Together, IOF of HMB may promote the early growth of muscle development and average daily gain in male bro

关 键 词：胚蛋给养 β-羟基-β-甲基丁酸 生长性能 胴体组成 肉仔鸡 

分 类 号：S831.5[农业科学—畜牧学] S816.7[农业科学—畜牧兽医]