中国民航飞行学员视力影响因素调查分析  

Investigation and analysis on influencing factors of vision among civil aviator students in China

作　　者：王益蓉[1] 齐亚娜[2] 刘欢[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国民航飞行学院医院,四川省广汉市618307 [2]四川大学华西公共卫生学院

出　　处：《职业与健康》2015年第3期313-315,共3页Occupation and Health

基　　金：中国民航飞行学院科研项目(项目编号:J-2012-79)

摘　　要：目的探讨中国民航飞行学员的视力影响因素。方法对311名中国民航飞行学院2013年在校体检学员进行视力影响因素问卷调查并检测视力。采用方差分析和最小显著性差异法(LSD)比较视力变化值的组间差异。采用向后回归的方法建立视力影响因素的多变量线性回归模型。结果每天在校上课<4 h、飞行训练<2 h、眼距电视屏距离>6 m、用眼后休息时间≥10 min并选择眺望远处、做眼保健操放松眼睛的飞行学员,视力下降程度较小。平时注意保护视力,以坐位阅读为主,2周调换1次座位,经常户外活动,控制上网时间,常吃蔬菜水果,少吃糖类食品和精细食物,有利于预防视力下降。多因素分析结果显示,上网对视力影响最大,户外活动对视力的保护作用较强。结论中国民航飞行学员的视力受近距离用眼活动、阅读和生活方式、饮食习惯等多种因素的影响。学院应针对视力各影响因素采取全面系统的预防措施以保护视力。[Objective]To explore the influencing factors of vision among civil aviator students in China. [Methods]311 civil aviator students in the Civil Aviation Flight University of China were required to fill in a questionnaire about influencing factors of vision and checked present vision. Analysis of variance and least significant difference（LSD） were used to compare the difference of vision change values between groups. The multivariate linear regression model about influencing factors of vision was established with the backward regression.[Results]The vision loss was less among those having classes less than 4 hours a day,flight training less than 2 hours a day,distance to TV longer than 6 meters,looking into the distance or doing eye exercises for more than 10 minutes after near-work. Paying attention to protect eyesight,correct posture of reading,exchanging seat twice a month,frequent outdoor activity,controlling the internet time,more intake of fruits and vegetables,less intake of sugary foods and fine food all could protect vision. The multivariate analysis result showed that surfing the internet had the largest effect on vision,while the outdoor activity presented the stronger protection.[Conclusion]The vision of civil aviator students in China can be influenced by near-work,ways of reading,life style,and dietary habit. A comprehensive and effective intervention should be conducted in the college according to the influencing factors of vision,so as to prevent loss of vision.

关 键 词：飞行学员 视力 影响因素 

分 类 号：R770.42[医药卫生—眼科]