应激对机体药物成瘾行为的影响和机制研究  

The impact of stress on addiction and the underlying mechanism

作　　者：吴彬彬[1] 葛仁山[2] 连庆泉[1] 

机构地区：[1]温州医科大学附属第二医院&育英儿童医院麻醉科,浙江省温州市325027 [2]温州医科大学生殖生物医学研究院,浙江省温州市325027

出　　处：《中国药物滥用防治杂志》2015年第1期40-43,共4页Chinese Journal of Drug Abuse Prevention and Treatment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81271469)资助

摘　　要：目前已有许多研究发现慢性应激可促进机体对可卡因、吗啡等传统成瘾药物的敏感性,并对其机制进行了深入研究。在体内,应激主要通过两条途径发挥作用,分别为下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴(hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis,HPA)和交感神经系统,此处着重讨论HPA轴功能变化对机体成瘾行为的影响以及其中可能性机制。慢性应激可使HPA轴异常激活导致体内糖皮质激素(glucocorticoid,GC)水平显著增高,中脑边缘系统多巴胺通路是成瘾药物产生奖赏行为的最终通路,主要包括腹侧被盖区(ventral tegmental area,VTA)和伏隔核(nucleus accumbens,NAc),GC最终通过激活这一系统使NAc脑区中多巴胺大量释放而促进成瘾行为。此外,慢性应激对机体药物成瘾易感性有作用时间窗,断奶前或者青春期等给予慢性应激处理可增加成年后成瘾易感性或成瘾发生率。Numerous studies reported chronic stress increased the sensitivity of living organism to traditional addictive drugs, such as cocaine and morphine. The physiological responses to stress are mainly manifested through two pathways, which are hypothalamic-pituita- ry-adrenal （HPA） axis and autonomic nervous system. After the HPA axis being activated, the level of glucocorticoid （GC） in plasma increases significantly, and stimulates the releasing of dopamine in the mesolimhie system subsequently, including ventral tegmental area （VTA） and nucleus accumbens （NAc）. Additionally, the adolescent or even younger may be susceptible population for addiction, the incidence of addiction of the adults from this population will be significantly higher than others if chronic stress occurs during this period.

关 键 词：慢性应激 成瘾 糖皮质激素 多巴胺 

分 类 号：R749.61[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]