论遗传资源作为知识产权客体正当性及其法律进路  

Study on Genetic Resources as the Object of Intellectual Property Right and Its Legal Approaches

作　　者：陈宗波[1] 林驰[2] 

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学法学院 [2]广西师范大学漓江学院经济政法系,广西桂林541006

出　　处：《广西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2014年第6期74-81,共8页Journal of Guangxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"欠发达地区实施国家知识产权战略基本问题研究"(08XFX023);广西高等学校优秀人才资助计划项目"生物遗传资源的知识产权保护研究"

摘　　要：传统观点认为,遗传资源不是智力成果,而是人类共同的物质财产,因而不能作为知识产权的客体。然而,生物学和知识学的考察却表明,遗传资源是一种特殊的知识信息资源,符合知识产权客体的本质特征。基于遗传资源主权原则,单边主义立法模式已逐步成为区域及国别遗传资源和知识产权立法的重要趋势。遗传资源作为知识产权客体不仅具有法理上的正当性,也有国际法上的坚实基础,更是实践上的迫切需要,因而是主权国知识产权立法的应然选择。遗传资源作为知识产权客体的法律路径有二:一是扩大现行知识产权范围,使现行知识产权法保护的范围覆盖遗传资源及其传统知识;二是构建遗传资源知识产权特别法。Traditionally,genetic resources cannot be taken as the object of intellectual property right for the reason that it is the property of all human beings instead of intellectual achievements.However,the study of epistemology and biology has shown the genetic resources are a kind of knowledge information resources which conforms to the essential characteristics of the object of intellectual property.And based on the principle of sovereignty of genetic resources,unilateral legislation mode has gradually become an important trend of regional and national genetic resources in intellectual property legislation.Genetic resources being as the object of intellectual property not only has the legitimacy of the legal principle theory of law,but also has a solid foundation of international law and there is an urgent need in practice,so it is an ideal choice for sovereign states in intellectual property rights legislation.There are two approaches for genetic resources being as the object of intellectual property：one is to expand the scope of the current intellectual property rights,covering genetic resources and traditional knowledge;another is to construct special intellectual property law.

关 键 词：遗传资源 知识产权客体 应然性 

分 类 号：D913[政治法律—民商法学]