模糊PID控制在电石炉电极控制系统的实现  

Implementation of FUZZY-PID in Calcium Carbide Furnace Electrode Control System

作　　者：贾华[1] 郭向超[1] 刘慧博[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古科技大学信息工程学院,内蒙古包头014010

出　　处：《计算机仿真》2015年第2期441-445,共5页Computer Simulation

摘　　要：电石炉电极控制系统是一个非线性的复杂多变的控制系统。传统的PID调节系统在电石炉生产的不同冶炼期调节稳定性差,响应时间慢,降低了生产效率,对生产质量造成了影响。通过剖析传统PID算法调节的局限性和不足,针对电石炉电极电流的非线性,时变性等特点,提出了模糊PID复合控制方法,采用两输入(电极电流偏差及其变化率)三输出(ΔKp、ΔKi、ΔKd)的模糊算法结构,通过专家知识和现场技术经验建立模糊规则,对PID参数(Kp、Ki、Kd)进行在线整定.建立模糊规则是优化PID控制的关键。在不同的冶炼期,通过调整PID参数保证系统的快速响应和稳态性能,弥补了传统PID在非线性、多变系统中的不足,实现了电极的恒电流调节。通过MATLAB/Simulink建立电石炉电极调节系统数学模型,对比传统PID和模糊PID两种方法。仿真结果证明模糊PID复合控制方式在电石炉电极调节系统中具有快速响应和更好的鲁棒性。模糊PID复合控制方式简单易懂,操作方便,快速响应减小了对电网的冲击,优越的鲁棒性延长了电石炉使用寿命,为企业带来利润,易于推广。Calcium carbide furnace electrode control system is a complex nonlinear control system. The traditional PID control system in a different smelting of calcium carbide furnace whose regulation stability is poor, which slows response time, reduces productivity and has an impact on the quality of production. This paper analyzes the limita- tions and shortcomings of the conventional PID algorithm for nonlinear and time - varying carbide furnace electrode current, proposes FUZZY -PID compound control method. The method uses fuzzy algorithm structure of two inputs（ electrodes current deviation and rate of change ） and three outputs （ΔKp、ΔKi、ΔKd） ,establishes fuzzy rules by ex- pert knowledge and technical experience, conducts online setting in the field of PID parameters （ Kp, Ki, Kd）, in which the fuzzy rules are the key of optimized PID control. In different smelting periods, the PID parameters are ad- justed to ensure quick response and steady state system performance, make up for the shortage of traditional PID on nonlinear and changing system and achieve a constant current electrode regulation. This paper establishes a mathe- matical model of calcium carbide furnace electrode regulator system through MATLAB/Simulink and compares the traditional PID with FUZZY - PID. Simulation results show that FUZZY - PID composite control is with fast response and better robustness in the calcium carbide furnace electrode regulator system. FUZZY - PID composite control is simple to understand and easy to operate, in which fast response reduces the impact on power and superior robustness extends the life of calcium carbide furnace for the profitable enterprise, and which is easy to spread.

关 键 词：电极控制系统 数学模型 模糊 

分 类 号：TP391.9[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术]