辽东山区次生林与人工林大型地表节肢动物多样性  

Biodiversity of macro ground-dwelling arthropods in secondary forests and plantation forests of montane region of eastern Liaoning Province

作　　者：许洪军[1] 于立忠[2,3] 黄选瑞[1] 朱教君[2,3] 杨晋宇[1,2] 高尚林 王拥军 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学林学院,河北保定071000 [2]中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所,沈阳110016 [3]中国科学院清原森林生态系统观测研究站,沈阳110016 [4]辽宁省清原县大苏河林场,辽宁清原113312

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2015年第3期727-735,共9页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金："十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD22B0304)资助

摘　　要：采用陷阱法在地表节肢动物活动高峰期(7—8月)对辽东山区蒙古栎(Quercus mongolica)林、胡桃楸(Juglans mandshurica)林和阔叶混交林3种次生林以及红松(Pinus koraiensis)人工林和落叶松(Larix spp.)人工林地表节肢动物群落进行了调查。共捕获地表节肢动物5135头,隶属于7纲18目66个类群,优势类群为蚁科(20.4%)、葬甲科(19.5%)、蜣螂科(17.2%)和步甲科(14.5%);地表节肢动物的功能群丰度依次为:腐食性>杂食性>捕食性>植食性;系统聚类分析表明,地表节肢动物群落和地表甲虫群落均显示红松人工林、落叶松人工林和胡桃楸林群落结构聚为一类,蒙古栎林和阔叶混交林群落聚为一类;冗余度分析表明,凋落物厚度、植被盖度与树高因子可以解释地表节肢动物及地表甲虫群落差异的85.9%和81.9%。研究结果表明,研究区森林植被及凋落物状况、人为干扰是影响研究区大型地表节肢动物群落多样性的重要因素。Using the pitiall trapping method, the ground-clwellmg armropoo comnmmues were in- vestigated in three types of secondary forests （Quercus mongolica, Juglans manclshurica, and broad-leaved mixed forest） and two types of plantation forests （Pinus koraiensis and Larix spp. ） in a montane region of eastern Liaoning Province during the active time from July to August. A total of 5135 individuals of ground-dwelling arthropods were collected, belonging to 7 classes, 18 orders, and 66 groups. Formicidae （20.4%）, Silphidae （19.5%） , Scarabaeidae （17.2%） and Carabidae （14.5%） were the dominant taxa. The abundance of the functional groups was ranked as saprozoic 〉 omnivore 〉 predator 〉 phytophage. According to the system clustering analysis, P. koraiensis plantation forest, Larix spp. plantation forest and J. mandshurica forest were grouped together; Q. mongolica forest and the broad-leaved mixed forest were clustered into one group. Based on the redundancy analysis （RDA）, litter depth, vegetation cover and tree height could explain 85.9% and 81.9% of community distribution variation of ground-dwelling arthropods and beetles, respectively. This study indicated that forest vegetation and litter distribution, and hu- man disturbance in the study region were the key factors influencing the diversity of macro ground-dwelling arthropod community.

关 键 词：次生林 人工林 地表节肢动物 多样性 辽东山区 

分 类 号：S718.6[农业科学—林学]