内生真菌短密木霉对茶树修剪叶降解及土壤真菌的影响  

Effects of endophytic fungus( Trichoderma brevicompactum ) on the decomposition of pruned tea leaves and soil fungi

作　　者：胡雲飞[1,2] 李荣林[1] 杨亦扬[1] 张玥[2] 黎星辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院园艺研究所/江苏省高效园艺作物遗传改良重点实验室,南京210014 [2]南京农业大学茶叶科学研究所,南京210095

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2015年第3期820-825,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-23);江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目(CX(14)5015);江苏省科技支撑计划项目(BE2013426);苏州市现代生态茶业工程技术研究中心项目(SZGD201067)资助

摘　　要：通过向盆栽土壤中分别添加茶树修剪叶和无菌水（CK）,茶树修剪叶和灭菌短密木霉菌发酵液（BY）,茶树修剪叶、短密木霉菌和无菌水（FG）,茶树修剪叶、短密木霉菌和灭菌发酵液（BF）,研究茶树内生真菌短密木霉菌（Trichoderma brevicompactum）对茶树修剪叶的降解作用,同时利用变性梯度凝胶电泳（PCR-DGGE）检测土壤真菌的变化。结果表明：添加短密木霉菌后能加速茶树修剪叶软化,提高褐化程度;处理60 d后,与CK组相比,FG处理组中茶树修剪叶纤维素降解率增加了18.16%;而BF处理组相对于BY增加了19.02%。FG和BF处理组中促进木质素降解效应较为明显,30~45 d木质素的降解速率加快;与CK和BY相比,在处理60 d后木质素降解率分别增加了12.49%和9.61%。处理前期,FG和BF组的土壤纤维素酶活性和木质素酶活性要远高于CK和BY;处理后期则稍低于对照组,但差异不明显。处理60 d后各处理组之间土壤真菌群落数量存在一定差异,但群落结构较相似。可见,短密木霉菌能促进茶树修剪叶的降解,对土壤真菌群落影响较小。In order to study the degradation of pruned tea leaves by Trichoderma brevicompactum, a pot experiment was designed, which included four treatments ： CK （ pruned tea leaves and steri- lized water）, BY （pruned tea leaves and sterilized fermentation broth of T. brevicompactum）, FG （pruned tea leaves, T. brevicompactum and sterilized water）, and （pruned tea leaves, T. brevi- compactum and sterilized fermentation broth）. The changes in soil fungi were detected by PCR- DGGE. The results showed that the application of T. Brevicompactum not only accelerated the sof- tening speed of pruned tea leaves but also improved the browning degree of pruned tea leaves. Af- ter being treated for 60 days, the degradation rate of cellulose in pruned tea leaves increased by 18.16% in FG treatment and 19.02% in BF treatment, compared with CK and BF respectively An obvious promotion effect on lignin degradation was observed in FG and BF treatments, and the degradation rate of lignin was accelerated during 30-45 days. The degradation rates of lignin in FG and BF treatments were increased by 12.49% and 9.61% after 60 days of incubation, com- pared with CK and BF respectively. At the early stage, cellulase and lignin enzyme activities were much higher in FG and BF than in Ck and BY, respectively, while they were insignificantly lower than that in CK at the later stage. After 60 days, there were some differences in the quanti- ty of soil fungal communities between the treatment groups, but their community structure was similar. In conclusion, T. brevicompactum can improve the decomposition of pruned tea leaves and has little effect on soil fungal communities.

关 键 词：纤维素 木质素 酶活性 真菌群落 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工] Q939[农业科学—作物学]