间伐对上海地区‘宫川’柑橘密植园改造的效果  

Effect of Intermediate Cutting on Airtight Citrus 'Gongchuan' Orchard Modification in Shanghai Area

作　　者：徐芳杰[1] 杜纪红[1] 骆军[1] 张学英[1] 叶正文[1] 曾蓉[2] 戴富明[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院林木果树研究所/上海市设施园艺技术重点实验室,上海201403 [2]上海市农业科学院环境生态研究所,上海201403

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2015年第4期141-146,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：上海市科委项目"崇明柑橘规模化种植品质提升关键技术研究与示范"(08DZ1906600);上海市科委项目"崇明林果等经济作物高效种植模式研究与示范"(09DZ1906200);上海市农委项目"果树新品种及果园土壤养分矫正技术示范与推广"[沪农科推字(2010)第5-4号];院区县合作科技入户工程项目[沪农科推字(2012)第5-4号]

摘　　要：为改善上海地区高龄‘宫川’橘园栽培密度过高、树势衰退、坐果不良等现状,探索合理间伐对柑橘园改造的效果。2009—2012年间,笔者对上海崇明绿华镇一个树龄20年、株行距为3 m×3 m的‘宫川’果园进行间伐,并持续监测了树体冠层结构变化、叶片叶绿素含量、树脂病发生情况、坐果率、产量和果实品质等。结果表明:合理间伐不仅能有效改善树体冠层内部通风透光条件,更能提高对树脂病的抗性,明显提升成熟果实可溶性固形物含量,同时能明显提高单株产量。进一步检测发现,间伐后果实中蔗糖和葡萄糖含量提升显著,其中2011年10月测得果实中蔗糖和葡萄糖含量分别比同期对照高出50.9%和24.8%,但果实中几种主要有机酸含量与同期对照相比无明显差异,故认为合理间伐能在促进增产的同时有效提升果实糖酸比,改善果实风味,是一项有效的密植园改造措施。The study aims to improve the current situation of low bear rate, tree potential recession of closingand high density Citrus‘Gongchuan＇orchard. During 2009-2012, we investigated the effects of intermediatecuttings on disease resistance, fruit development and flavor quality of‘Gongchuan＇in different growth stagesin an over 20-year-old airtight orchard with 3 m×3 m planting density in Chongming island, Shanghai. Theresults showed that the suitable intermediate cuttings formed proper planting density, together with appropriatefield management could fundamentally improve yield and quality, as well as the resin disease resistance.Furthermore, high performance liquid chromatographic（HPLC） determination of content and componentsoluble sugar and organic acid were also performed and we found that intermediate cuttings had remarkableeffect on increasing the concentrations of fruit sucrose and glucose concentrations, which were respectively50.9% and 24.8% higher than that of the control（CK） in October 2011. However, the concentrations of severalmain organic acids showed no significant difference between treatment and CK. Therefore, we suggested that intermediate cuttings could not only improve the yield, but also increase fruit sugar acid ratio as well as fruitquality. In conclusion, intermediate cutting is an effective method for dense orchard modification.

关 键 词：'宫川’柑橘 间伐 密植园改造 抗病力 果实品质 

分 类 号：S666[农业科学—果树学]