昼间气象条件对城市道路绿化带空气净化效果的影响——以太原市为例  

Effects of meteorological factors on air purification by green belts along urban roads in the daytime: a case study in Taiyuan

作　　者：王亚英[1,2] 李萍[1] 武小钢[1] 阎海冰[1] 王娟[1] 李娇[1] 蔺银鼎[1] 郝兴宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学,太谷030801 [2]山西省林业职业技术学院,太原030009

出　　处：《生态学报》2015年第4期1267-1273,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(30870434)

摘　　要：道路绿化带可以净化空气,改善道路环境,道路中的小气候条件会改变道路污染物扩散方式和速度,进而会影响到绿化带对污染物净化效果。气象条件对道路绿地对大气污染物净化效果影响的研究将有助于了解道路绿地的净化途径,为改善城市道路环境提供依据。对太原市18个道路绿地气象因子和5种主要污染物浓度进行了观测。结果表明:夏季,太原市城市道路内各气象要素之间存在一定的相关性,气温和地温正相关显著,空气相对湿度与地温及气温呈显著和极显著负相关。大部分情况下,有绿地非机动车道污染物平均浓度低于无绿地非机动车道对照点平均浓度,即道路绿地起到了对道路污染物的净化作用。道路绿地对污染物的净化百分率与气象因子存在显著的回归关系,并可以建立达到统计显著水平的回归方程,但不同污染物受不同的主导气象因子影响。气象条件会影响道路绿地对道路污染物的净化效果,今后的城市建设和道路绿地规划中应更多地考虑气象条件对绿地净化效果的影响。Green belts along roads can purify the air and improve the air quality along the roads. The microclimate conditions around a road will affect the manner and speed of pollutant diffusion, and it may affect how effective the green belt is in removing pollutants from the air. In this study, the effects of microclimate conditions on the removal of pollutants by green belts along roads were monitored, and the results will provide a basis for improving the road environment by improving our understanding of the manner in which the air around roads is purified by green belts. Microclimate conditions （wind speed, air temperature, relative humidity in the air, surface temperature, and air pressure） and the concentrations of five major pollutants, SO2, NOx, NH3, total suspended particles （TSP） and respirable particulate matter （PM10）, were observed along 18 roads with green belts in the city of Taiyuan. The meteorological elements correlated with each other along the Taiyuan roads in the summer. There were significant positive correlations between the wind speed and the surface temperature, and the air and surface temperatures also significantly positively correlated. However, the relative humidity, the surface temperature, and the air temperature were significantly negatively correlated. In most cases, the average pollutant concentration caused by non-motorized vehicles when a green belt was present was lower than the average pollutant concentration caused by non-motorized vehicles when a green belt was not present, so the green belt appeared to play a role in removing pollutants from the air around the road. The percentages of the concentrations of the five pollutants that were removed by the green belt had significant regression coefficients with the meteorological factors. Regression equations, and the statistical significances of the regressions, were established for the relationships between the pollutant removal percentages and the meteorological factors, but different pollutants were affected by differen

关 键 词：城市道路绿化带 气象因子 污染物 

分 类 号：X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X51