达斡尔族中小学生体质发育现状及20多年来的变化  

Longitudinal Changes in Physical Development of Daur Students

作　　者：富杰 鄂勇 陈德忠 敖铁林 陆舜华[3] 丁一[3] 李玉玲[3] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古莫力达瓦达斡尔族自治旗人民医院,内蒙古莫力达瓦旗162850 [2]内蒙古莫力达瓦达斡尔族自治旗教育局,内蒙古莫力达瓦旗162850 [3]内蒙古师范大学生命科学与技术学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010022

出　　处：《人类学学报》2015年第1期87-96,共10页Acta Anthropologica Sinica

基　　金：内蒙古莫力达瓦达斡尔族自治旗科学研究项目(2012002)

摘　　要：本文报道了6~18岁1993名达斡尔族学生8项体质指标（身高、坐高、体重、肩宽、骨盆宽、胸围、腰围和臀围）的测量结果,并计算了10项体质指数。结果发现,达斡尔族在我国属体质发育较高的民族,并表现为一定的城乡差异;20多年来达斡尔族学生身高、体重、胸围全面增长,男女生身高最大增长年龄均提前约1岁左右,男生高年龄组身高和身体充实度增幅较大,但女生变化不大且肩宽和骨盆宽呈下降趋势。提示达斡尔族青少年体质发育表现为以生长突增提前为主的生长长期趋势,但女生高年龄组身高增长不明显、身体充实度有待提高,应采取营养和锻炼等措施促进其生长发育水平全面提高。Body measurements of 1993 Daur students between ages 6 to 18 are reported in this paper. Eight measurements are height, sitting height, body weight, shoulder breadth, pelvic breadth, chest, waist and hip circumferences. Ten constitutional indices were calculated. Results showed that the Daur people can be considered one group with a high level of physical development. Overall changes of height, body weight and chest circumference are found in all youth groups, with maximum increments of age at about one year, the age at which Daur adolescents begin secular growth changes. The most significant phenomenon of growth change is the adolescent growth spurt. Incremental growth of adult height is not significant, and shoulder and pelvic breadth are less in females. In the future, new strategies and methods should be taken to promote the growth of Daur adolescent females.

关 键 词：达斡尔族 青少年 体质发育 纵向研究 

分 类 号：Q984[生物学—人类学]