场认知风格、中央执行成分影响个体算术策略运用的眼动研究  

Central Executive Components and Individual's Arithmetic Strategy Use with Field-Dependence/Field-Independence Cognitive Style: An Eye Movement Study

作　　者：张红段[1] 王玉璇[1] 胡冬梅[1] 李红霞[1] 司继伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学心理学院,济南250014

出　　处：《心理研究》2015年第1期43-51,共9页Psychological Research

基　　金：自然科学基金项目(31371048);山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2010CM059);教育部人文社会科学研究项目基金(09YJAXLX014);山东省强化建设重点学科"发展与教育心理学"专项经费

摘　　要：采用选择/无选法并结合眼动技术,探讨场独立/场依存个体在乘法估算策略运用上是否存在差异,以及这种差异与不同中央执行成分(抑制、转换和更新)之间的联系。结果表明:(1)在最佳策略选择条件下,场独立型个体对各个兴趣区的注视持续时间显著长于场依存个体;(2)抑制和转换能力与被试在策略运用时的眼动指标相关较强。这说明场依存/场独立认知风格可能在行为层面对算术策略运用不会造成显著影响,而抑制和转换功能对策略运用的限制作用明显。In the present study, we employed the choice/no-choice method and eye movement technique to explore the effects of cognitive style and central executive components（inhibition, shifting, updating）on strategy use during arithmetic processing. Participants finished two-digit multiplication computational estimate in the eye movement experiment. The results showed that： 1） The field-independent/field-dependent individuals did not exhibit differences in the strategy distribution, strategy execution, strategy selection and strategy adaptively; 2） In the best choice conditions, the fixation duration of the field-independent subjects was significantly longer than that of the field-dependent ones; 3） Correlation analysis revealed that the functions of inhibition and shifting were relative to the eye movement indexes. Therefore, cognitive style might not affect participants＇ arithmetic strategy use from behavioral level. The inhibition function and shifting function played essential roles on arithmetic strategy use.

关 键 词：策略运用 认知风格 中央执行成分 选择/无选法 

分 类 号：G442[哲学宗教—心理学]