坚固内固定与颌间结扎用于下颌骨体部单纯线性骨折的效果比较  

Comparison of the effects of small titanium plate rigid internal fixation and intermaxillary fixation in the treatment of simple mandibular fracture

作　　者：彭冲 项琳怡 

机构地区：[1]东莞市第五人民医院口腔科,广东省东莞523900

出　　处：《中国基层医药》2015年第2期232-234,共3页Chinese Journal of Primary Medicine and Pharmacy

摘　　要：目的 比较坚固内固定与牙弓夹板颌间结扎固定法治疗下颌骨体部单纯线性骨折的临床效果,探讨下颌骨骨折治疗的最佳方案.方法 将252例下颌骨体部单纯线性骨折患者按随机数字表法分为两组,A组126例采用坚固内固定,B组126例采用牙弓夹板颌间结扎固定,术后6个月随访,比较两组并发症发生情况、咬合关系、张口度,并进行统计分析.结果 A组120例咬合关系恢复良好,颌面部外形和咀嚼功能得以改善,张口度平均值3.90 cm,口腔卫生情况良好,4例术后感染,1例发生钛板折断行二次手术取出.B组118例咬合关系恢复良好,无术后感染,无牙弓夹板折断情况,其中10例口腔卫生情况较差,出现牙龈肿胀、牙齿轻度松动等并发症,8例术后咬合关系不佳.两组咬合关系、张口度差异均无统计学意义（χ^2=0.30、0.86,均P＞0.05）.结论 在下颌骨体部单纯线性骨折的患者治疗中应用坚固内定法或牙弓夹板颌间结扎固定法均为有效的方法,应用时需严格掌握各自适应证.Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of small titanium plate rigid internal fixation and intermaxillary fixation in the treatment of simple mandibular fracture,and to explore the best treatment method for the reduction of fractures of the mandible.Methods 252 cases with simple fractures of the mandible were randomly divided into the two groups.126 cases of group A were treated by rigid internal fixation,126 cases of group B were treated by intermaxillary fixation.The patients were followed up for 6 months after operation.The complications,occlusion and mouth opening were compared between the two groups.And then,the data were analyzed.Results 120 cases of group A occlusal relation recovered to normal,the appearance and function were recovered well.The average mouth opening was 3.90cm.4 cases got postoperative infection,1 case titanium plate was broken.118 patients of B group occlusal relation recovered to normal,the appearance and function were restored,no case of infection and clamp plate broken.10 cases happened bad oral health condition,gingiva swell and teeth loosen.8 cases complicated with bad occlusion.There were no statistical differences between A and B group about occlusion and（χ^2=0.30,0.86,all P 〉 0.05）.Conclusion Two treatment methods are effective in the treatment of simple mandibular fracture,rigid skillfully master indication to get best efficacy.

关 键 词：下颌骨折 颌骨固定技术 

分 类 号：R782.4[医药卫生—口腔医学]