温度对厨余垃圾高温厌氧消化及微生物群落的影响  

Effect of temperature on performance and microbial community of thermophilic methane fermentation of kitchen waste

作　　者：杨璐[1] 张影[1] 汤岳琴[1] 孙照勇[1] 黄玉莲[1] 木田建次 

机构地区：[1]四川大学建筑与环境学院,成都610065

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》2014年第4期704-711,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

摘　　要：使用全混流反应器(CSTR),研究53℃和60℃条件下厨余垃圾的处理效果,同时利用T-RFLP(末端限制性片段长度多态性)以及16S rRNA基因克隆文库的方法,对微生物群落结构进行跟踪解析.结果表明,在温度为53℃、挥发性总固体(VTS)负荷为4 g L-1 d-1时,处理性能稳定,有机酸积累少,产气率约为900 mL/g VTS;当温度升高至60℃时,TOC和有机酸积累,产气率显著下降.微生物群落分析结果表明,当温度从53℃升高至60℃后,细菌群落从以发酵产酸菌群为主转变为以各类发酵菌和有机酸氧化菌为主,产甲烷菌群落中乙酸营养型产甲烷菌比例下降,而氢营养型产甲烷菌比例升高.运行温度从53℃升高至60℃后厌氧处理能力下降的主要原因是乙酸营养型产甲烷菌比例下降,乙酸的消耗需要通过乙酸氧化菌和氢营养型的产甲烷菌的协同作用,产甲烷速率降低,从而导致处理能力下降.The study aimed to investigate the effect of temperature on performance and microbial community of thermophilic methane fermentation of kitchen waste. Kitchen waste was treated using a completely stirred tank reactor（CSTR） at 53°C and 60°C. Microbial community structure during treatment was analyzed using T-RFLP and 16 S rRNA clone library methods. At the temperature of 53°C and a VTS loading rate of 4 g/L/d, the treatment was stable without accumulation of VFA, with gas production approximately 900 mL/g-VTS. When the temperature was raised to 60°C, T℃and VFA accumulated sharply and the gas production decreased, with changes in both bacterial community and archaeal community. At 53 °C, the acidproducing fermenting bacteria were dominant. When the temperature was increased to 60°C, however, the population of fatty acid-oxidizing, especially acetate-oxidizing bacteria increased significantly. The population of aceticlastic methanogen Methanosarcina decreased while hydrogenotrophic methangen Methanothermobacter increased at 60°C. The main pathway of methane production from acetate at 60°C was through the acetate oxidization followed by hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis, which needs syntrophism of acetate-oxidizing bacteria and hydrogenotrophic methangens. The results showed that the operational temperature of 53°C is suitable for thermophilic methane fermentation of kitchen waste. Increase of operational temperature to 60°C would result in decrease of methane production through aceticlastic methanogenesis pathway, leading to accumulation of VFAs and deterioration of treatment.

关 键 词：厨余垃圾 高温厌氧消化 产甲烷微生物群落 T-RFLP分析 克隆文库分析 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X172