干细胞移植治疗青光眼的研究进展  

Current approaches and future prospects of stem cells for glaucoma

作　　者：罗静[1] 张慧明[1] 魏为[1] 周亮[1] 张康[2] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学湘雅二院眼科,长沙410011 [2]四川大学华西医院眼科

出　　处：《中华细胞与干细胞杂志（电子版）》2014年第2期49-56,共8页Chinese Journal of Cell and Stem Cell（Electronic Edition）

摘　　要：不可逆性的视网膜神经细胞死亡和功能丧失是青光眼、老年黄斑变性等致盲性眼病的共同原因,目前没有有效的治疗方法修复已有的病变,恢复受损的视功能。2012年Schwartz等用人胚胎干细胞来源的视网膜色素上皮细胞移植进入临床实验用于治疗年龄相关性黄斑变性,这标志着干细胞替代治疗进入一个新的里程碑,也给青光眼的治疗带来了希望。本文综述了干细胞移植治疗青光眼的研究进展。近年的研究发现,胚胎干细胞在治疗中枢神经系统疾病中具有特别的优势,是细胞移植治疗视神经疾病包括青光眼的极具前景的来源。随着干细胞研究的不断深入,诱导多能干细胞的问世,为研究眼科难治性疾病的发病机制、开发药物治疗和进行细胞替代治疗提供了新的资源。此外,Müller细胞,骨髓干细胞的的研究也为青光眼的干细胞移植治疗提供了更多的干细胞来源。Irreversible retina neuron cell damage and dysfunction is the main pathology of blindness eye diseases such as glaucoma and age related retinopathy. However, no treatment showed efficiency to replace the damaged cells and restore the visual function. In 2012, human embryonic stem cells（hESCs） were successfully differentiated into retina pigment epithelial cells and were evaluated in a clinical trial for human age related macular disease. It＇s a milestone of stem cell regenerative medicine, which also brought hope for glaucoma treatment. Our review focused on the progress of stem cell transplantation strategy on retina ganglion cell replacement research. Recent studies found that ESCs have advantage in differentiation and function on rescuing central nervous system disease, which indicates that ESCs are excellent resource for treatment of neuron diseases including glaucoma. Furthermore, induced progenitor cells also provided new resource for studies of mechanism of eye diseases, drug delivery system and cell replacement treatment. In addition, Müller cells and bone marrow stem cells provided more stem cell resource for the future cell regenerative medicine.

关 键 词：干细胞移植 视网膜神经节细胞 青光眼 

分 类 号：R775[医药卫生—眼科]