大鼠慢性酒精中毒性周围神经病的电生理及超微结构改变  

The changes of the electrophysiology and ultrastructue of the peripheral neuropathy of chronic alcoholism in rat

作　　者：谢春香[1] 宋晓南[2] 

机构地区：[1]吉林医药学院附属医院神经内科,吉林吉林132013 [2]吉林大学白求恩第一医院神经内科,吉林长春130021

出　　处：《中风与神经疾病杂志》2015年第2期123-125,共3页Journal of Apoplexy and Nervous Diseases

基　　金：2011年吉林省卫生厅科研项目(No.2011ZC012)

摘　　要：目的采用自由饮的方法制备大鼠慢性酒精中毒性周围神经病的模型,探讨其电生理及超微结构变化。方法 30只Wistar大鼠随机分为两组,对照组和酒精组,对照组饮水,酒精组酒浓度从6%、9%、12%各5 d递增加至20%后以该浓度维持饲养,于第2、3、4个月末行电生理及电镜检查,每周记录大鼠体重,每两天记录饮食量。结果酒精组大鼠体重及食量均较对照组差。电生理检查在4月末时酒精组与对照组相比坐骨神经运动神经传导速度减慢,CMAP波幅降低,4个月时酒精组大鼠运动神经传导速度减慢,复合肌肉动作电位(CMAP)波幅降低。电镜下观察,4个月酒精组坐骨神经可见轴索肿胀、消失,轴索内多数线粒体呈空泡样改变,微管、微丝及神经丝的数量减少,结构不清,髓鞘增厚,板层分离、松解。结论自由饮模型大鼠的坐骨神经电生理及超微结构改变符合人类慢性酒精中毒性周围神经病的病变特点。Objective To find out the changes of the electrophysiology and ultrastructure of peripheral neuropathy of chronic alcoholism in rat free-drink model. Methods Thirty Wistar rats were divided into two groups randomly： control group and alcohol group. The control group drink water. The alcoholic concentration of experiment group were increased from6% 、9% 、12% ~ 20% every five days,and the rat were breed with 20% alcoholic concentration till the end. Rats were examined with electrophysiological and pathology by the end of two,three,and four month. They were weighted every week and the quantity of drink and food were recorded every other day. Results Both weight and appetite decreased in alcohol group. The change of Electrophysiology in the alcohol group rat showed slow motor conduction velocity（ MCV） and low amplitude compound muscle action potentials（ CMAP） by the end of four month,compared with control group. By the end of four month,under electron microscope of the rats in alcohol group,the axonal structure of sciatic nerve,were swelling and some of them disappearing,mitochondrial changed like vacuolar,the quantities of the neurofilaments,microtubules and microfilaments were less,and the structure of them were unclear. Myelin were thicken,layers were separation,and some of them were lysis. Conclusion The changes of the electrophysiology and ultrastructure of the peripheral neuropathy of chronic alcoholism in sciatic nerve of rats with free drinks are consistent with human beings.

关 键 词：酒精中毒 周围神经病 电生理 超微结构 

分 类 号：R745[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]